Warnings in Shakespeares Sonnet 95 Essay -- Sonnet essays

Warnings in Shakespeares sonnet 95 William Shakespeare is the master of subtle humor and sexual puns. In his Sonnet 95, a song to a blond small manhood, both are seen while pointing out a couple of realities about sexual sin. He speaks directly to a young person man whose physical beauty compensates for his lack of sexual morality. Shakespeare would like for this young man to realize that his handsomeness is the sole aspect of his person that prevents absolute reprimand of his way in other people, and he also wants him to be aware of the ultimate consequences of his actions. Through a clever use of diction, imagery, and meter in a characteristic Shakespearian format, Shakespeare warns his young friend of the risks involved with the overindulgence of sexual activity. In the first quatrain, Shakespeare presents the young man to the readers by contrasting his beauty and his character. He tells the young man that he renders shame (1) sweet and lovely (1). That is, he is much too handsome to be overshadowed by his questionable conduct. His shame whitethorn not be a dominant trait, but it does sneak around behind the scenes like a canker (2). A canker is a unsportsmanlike interior(a) ulceration, or growth it is a daub that cannot be seen in an otherwise beauteous object, such as a fragrant rose (2). This flaw in the young man, sexual vice, may spot (3), or taint his image later on in his life, as he is still bud (3) he is still young, and there is plenty of time for his reputation to be completely damaged by his sexual impropriety. This young man is indeed beautiful and he is lucky to have such swee... ...re slyly and jovially slips in the idea that if the young man is careless, he will spend his allowance of efficiency in advance his time comes that is to say, he will become sexually impotent. This image is brilliantly conjured up with the picture of a dull knife that will knock down no more after yea rs of its owner using it as a hatchet. The simple lightness of his joke is expressed through the simple invariance of the iambic pentameter throughout the couplet, and its straightforwardness adds to the wryness of the humor. Works Cited Shakespeare, William. Sonnet 95. The Norton Anthology of English Literature. Eds. M. H. Abrams and Stephen Greenblatt. Seventh ed. 2 vols. New York Norton, 2000. 11041-42. Works Consulted Oxford English Dictionary. Eds. James A. H. Murray, et. al. Oxford, 1961. Warnings in Shakespeares Sonnet 95 Essay -- Sonnet essaysWarnings in Shakespeares Sonnet 95 William Shakespeare is the master of subtle humor and sexual puns. In his Sonnet 95, a poem to a blond young man, both are seen while pointing out a couple of realities about sexual sin. He speaks directly to a young man whose physical beauty compensates for his lack of sexual morality. Shakespeare would like for this young man to realize that his handsomeness is the sole aspect of his person that prevents absolute disapproval of his behavior in other people, and he also wants him to be aware of the ultimate consequences of his actions. Through a clever use of diction, imagery, and meter in a typical Shakespearian format, Shakespeare warns his young friend of the risks involved with the overindulgence of sexual activity. In the first quatrain, Shakespeare presents the young man to the readers by contrasting his beauty and his character. He tells the young man that he renders shame (1) sweet and lovely (1). That is, he is much too handsome to be overshadowed by his questionable conduct. His shame may not be a dominant trait, but it does sneak around behind the scenes like a canker (2). A canker is a nasty internal ulceration, or growth it is a flaw that cannot be seen in an otherwise beautiful object, such as a fragrant rose (2). This flaw in the young man, sexual vice, may spot (3), or taint his image later on in his life, as he is still budding (3) he is still young, and there is plenty of time for his reputation to be completely damaged by his sexual impropriety. This young man is indeed beautiful and he is lucky to have such swee... ...re slyly and jovially slips in the idea that if the young man is careless, he will spend his allowance of energy before his time comes that is to say, he will become sexually impotent. This image is brilliantly conjured up with the picture of a dull knife that will cut no more after years of its owner using it as a hatchet. The simple lightness of his joke is expressed through the simple evenness of the iambic pentameter throughout the couplet, and its straightforwardness adds to the wryness of the humor. Works Cited Shakespeare, William. Sonnet 95. The Norton Anthology of English Literature. Eds. M. H. Abrams and Stephen Greenblatt. Seventh ed. 2 vols. New York Norton, 2000. 11041-42. Works Consulted Oxford English Dictio nary. Eds. James A. H. Murray, et. al. Oxford, 1961.

effects of interracial relationship on children Essay -- essays resear

Effect of Interracial relationships and the child Interracial marriages can let in the union between Asians, Hispanics, Blacks, Whites, and any other groups. However, when people talk about race relations, the focus is on Blacks and Whites. No matter what type of ethnic groups be involved in these type of relationships, one important result of these marriages are children. After doing some research and looking over some materials, I instantaneously have a strong understanding of the issues surrounding children of interracial marriages, and the problems parents encounter with their mixed race children. Children from interracial marriages are no longer denied the same benefits and privileges as the children prior to Loving. Celebrities like Tiger Woods may have changed societys views on interracial children, but are there more serious effects on these children than what is shown by Tiger Woods? More than 1.5 million children lived with biracial parents in 1990. Many books have been out about the effects of interracial marriages on children. maven of the biggest problems facing interracial children is an identity crisis. However, Tiger Woods and other famous children of interracial marriages have helped to...

Nina Monroe :: essays research papers

Nina Monroe 16 April 2002 Philosophy Ethics 6. What arguments are offered by Plato and Aristotle that the just life is happier that the unjust one? Do you find these convincing? Why or why not? The Happy Life So dont merely give us a theoretical argument that justice is stronger than injustice, but tell us what each itself does, because of its own powers, to someone who possesses it, and that makes injustice bad and justice good.1 In this inverted comma from Platos Republic, Adeimantus challenges Socrates to demonstrate that justice is good in itself, and ultimately, to prove that the just life is the happiest life for a human being. Both Plato and Aristotle, two of antiquitys greatest philosophers, concern themselves with the issue of human happiness. Neither thinker considers fate to be the definitive factor for achieving happiness. Rather, Plato and Aristotle argue that our actions and thoughts play a significant theatrical role in creating a happy life. This argument, as presen ted in Platos Republic and Aristotles Nicomachean Ethics, also asserts that a life in accordance with justice is the happy, or good, life. Thus, tracing each philosophers theory of the happy life necessitates a discussion of their translations of justice. Here too, the two philosophers show a great degree of agreement. Although the philosophies of Plato and Aristotle block up major differences in their fundamental principles, both thinkers take similar stances on the relationship between justice and happiness. Plato, through various Socratic dialogues, chooses to present his definition of justice in the context of a just state, later applying it to the case of a human. In the just state described by Socrates, each respective(prenominal) performs a certain function within society.2 It is in this principle of proper functioning of each part, from which Plato derives a definition of justice. It should not come as a surprise, therefore, that Plato was highly critical of Athenian demo cracy, which encouraged its citizens to try many different professions throughout each of their lives. Plato found that a certain element of conflict or turmoil arises from conditions that promote various parts of a system to meddle with the other parts. Platos notion of justice clearly echoes his overall theory of a highest good, or the good in itself. The highest good is constituted by something completely above the sensible world, and understood only within the soil of intelligibility. The truths of the intelligible realm are ordered and unchanging.

Head Start Essay -- essays papers

Head StartHead Start and ahead of time Head Start ar comprehensive child development programs which serve children from birth to age five, pregnant woman and their extended families. They are child-focused programs that have the overall goal of increasing the discipline readiness of young children in low-income families. . These programs try to acquire young children intellectually, socially, emotionally and physically for their future educational and social endeavors. ( U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2002).. The programs prepare the parent(s) to be supportive in the endeavor. Head Start has the philosophy that parents are a childs first and most influential teacher. The Head Start program is respectable to early learning.In 1964, the Federal Government asked a panel of child development experts to draw up a program to help communities meet the necessarily of disadvantaged preschool children. The panel became the blueprint for Project Head Start (U.S. Department of Health and Human Resources, 2002). Beginning as an eight-week summer program out of the magnate of Economic Development, the Head Start program was well received by the education community. From the outset the program offered not only an education program, but excessively a health program for children. The program strongly encouraged parental involvement and offered the parents social service help if warranted. Right now the program is administered by the Administration for Children and Families. There are Head Start programs in all 50 states, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico and the U.S. territories ( The Online Head Start Resource Center, 2002). In 1994, the Early Head Start Program was established, because it was determined that children from birth to t... ...n. (ERIC Document Re-Productive Service No. ED327313)6. Schweinhart, L. (2002). Recent Evidence on Preschool Programs. (ERIC Digest No.____).Champaign, IL ERIC Clearing contribute on Elementary and Early Childho od Education. (ERICDocument Reproductive Service No. ED458046)7. Head Start Works, But Needs More Funding and get around Teachers, (2002). Retrieved on November 5, 2002 from NIEER (National Institute for Early Learning Response, http//nieer.org/media center/index.php?pressid=78. Merrow, J. (2002, September 25)., The Failureof Head Start. Educationweek. Retrieved on November 5, 2002, from http//wwwedweek.org/le/ewstory.cfm?slug=04merrow.h229. Lubeck, S. (1990). Four-Year-Olds and Public Schooling. (ERIC Digest No _____).Urbana, IL ERIC Clearinghouse on Elementary and Early Childhood Education. (ERICDocument Reproductive Service No. ED325204)

Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde Essay -- English Literature

Dr. Jekyll and Mr. HydeDr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde was published in 1886 as a shilling shocker novelette written by the young novelist Robert Louis Stevenson. At thattime in that respect was a surfeit of cheap horror novellas. Stevensons novellawas different because it explored the evil inside human kind. I willlook into Victorian attitudes and how these influenced Victorian life.The heathenish and historical context of the text is typical of theauthor but not his time because there was a contradiction betweenScience and religion and this novella sc bed people aboutpossibilities of evil. Victorian values at this time were very strictand those people who broke them were looked down on in the affableorder. Jekyll was the perfect upright Victorian man, he was tall, wellmannered, rich and had earned his place in society. Hyde on the otherhand was short, ugly and evil. Because Jekyll is so peachy he needs mostthing to take his fountainhead off his 9 tenths life of relentlessstruggling an d grinding. He created Hyde to do just that, to take hismind off and be evil and careless when he feels standardised it. This wholestory line would have shocked a Victorian reader because of the conundrum between religion and science. People were very duplicitous atthis time because they all knew about the underground prostitution,drug-abuse and pornography, yet they did not talk about it or lettheir friends know about their drug habit or weekly trip to thebrothel. his shows the corruption of the community and the fraudulentmorals.In the text there are elements of thriller and horror. In chapter tenHenry Jekylls Full Statement of The Case there is a horrificdescription of Jekylls transformation into Hyde. The most rackingpan... ...sickliness ofJekyll. This means that the more Jekyll is disgusted at Hydesactions, the more Hydes powers of evil and destruction grow graduallystronger.Jekyll now wants out f the whole double life and plans to kill himselfand Hyde as well.Henry Jekyll fe els some remorse about leaving Hyde in the world. Hesays Will Hyde die on the scaffold? Or will he find the courage torelease himself at the last moment? God knows I am careless this ismy true hour of death, and then as I lay down my en, and proceed to blockade up my confession, I bring the life of that unhappy Henry Jekyllto an end.Her Henry Jekyll has ended his own life rather than see himself turncompletely into Hyde. This novella has two morals one is not to messabout with your body and not to indulge too heavily in anythingbecause it turns out bad like the life of Henry Jekyll.

Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde Essay -- English Literature

Dr. Jekyll and Mr. HydeDr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde was published in 1886 as a shilling shockernovella indite by the young novelist Robert Louis Stevenson. At thattime there was a surfeit of cheap horror novellas. Stevensons novellawas different because it explored the evil inside human kind. I go forthlook into Victorian attitudes and how these influenced Victorian career.The cultural and historical context of the text is typical of theauthor but not his time because there was a contradiction betweenScience and religion and this novella scared mess aboutpossibilities of evil. Victorian values at this time were very strictand those people who broke them were looked down on in the socialorder. Jekyll was the perfect upright Victorian man, he was tall, wellmannered, rich and had earned his place in society. Hyde on the otherhand was short, ugly and evil. Because Jekyll is so good he needssomething to take his mind off his 9 tenths life of relentlessstruggling and excoriation. He create d Hyde to do just that, to take hismind off and be evil and careless when he feels like it. This wholestory line would shed shocked a Victorian reader because of theparadox between religion and science. People were very duplicitous atthis time because they all knew about the underpass prostitution,drug-abuse and pornography, yet they did not talk about it or lettheir friends know about their drug habit or weekly trip to thebrothel. his shows the corruption of the club and the fraudulentmorals.In the text there are elements of thriller and horror. In chapter tenHenry Jekylls Full Statement of The Case there is a horrificdescription of Jekylls transformation into Hyde. The more or less rackingpan... ...sickliness ofJekyll. This means that the more Jekyll is disgusted at Hydesactions, the more Hydes powers of evil and destruction grow graduallystronger.Jekyll now wants out f the whole in two ways life and plans to kill himselfand Hyde as well.Henry Jekyll feels some remorse about leaving Hyde in the world. Hesays Will Hyde die on the scaffold? Or will he find the courage torelease himself at the last moment? God knows I am careless this ismy true hour of death, and then as I lay down my en, and proceed toseal up my confession, I bring the life of that unhappy Henry Jekyllto an end.Her Henry Jekyll has ended his own life rather than see himself turncompletely into Hyde. This novella has two morals one is not to messabout with your body and not to indulge in addition heavily in anythingbecause it turns out bad like the life of Henry Jekyll.

Human Lifespan and Development: The Nature of Children Essay

Philosophical ideas virtually the phylogeny of children arose from old ideas about human nature and history. Many of the philosophers who proposed philosophical ideas about childhood development are considered either nativists or maturationists. The view of nativists is that doings is innate and is strongly affected by the genes. Maturationists also believe that genes influence behavior, but the behavior grows to maturity because it is under the control of genes. This paper intends to define, as well as, discuss two different philosophical views, which, historically, have been held regarding the nature of psychological development of children. It volition then provide a section that compares those historical views with the underway fantasyion about the development in children. A conclusion will sum up the discussion. One philosophical view about the development of children was proposed by Stanley Hall (1844-1924). In addition to contributing to philosophical views about childh ood development, Hall is the throw of the Ameri stern Psychological Association and was the first Ph. D. in Psychology.He came up with his view using the questionnaire method, which involved asking people about their lives. Darwin influenced him through the principle that ontogeny recapitulates phylogeny in which ontogeny kernel an individuals development while phylogeny means the evolution of species. In that regard, Hall proposed the interest developmental stages. The first is infancy (0-4 years), which he named the animal phase because the child demonstrates behaviors that are closely related to those of animals courtesy of having a blank head word. He referred to the certify stage (Age 4-8 years) as the hunting and fishing cultures. The third stage (age 8-12 years) is the savage and primitive (or tribal) human cultures. The fourth stage (age 12-25 years) is the eighteenth century idealism. The fifth and determination stage (age 25 and above) is the contemporary civilizati on stage. Stanley Halls school of thought on child rearing is that parents do not have to worry about the bad behavior of their children because they will outgrow it, which is consistent with maturationist theory (MacDonald, n.d.).Another Philosopher, John Dewey (1859-1952), believed that people could project the society that they want. He wanted schools to be places where children can grow, as well as, carry intelligence to social democracy. He also believed democracy and science demand one another because the most objective means of governance is democracy and the most democratic means of knowing is science. In that regard, he promoted democracy and science as ideal ends for the societys progress, as well as, childs individual development. For Dewey, the values that are endemic to the concept of development lie in socially agreed-upon values rather than pictorial law. Thus, he maintained that development for an individual and the society is a function of socially acknowledged va lues. According to him, objective thinking and democratic governance were the outgo guarantees of a just, good, and experimenting society.He based his social and developmental psychology upon the understanding of people with regard to their cultural circumstances. In essence, culture is a developmental mechanism. This concept of development situates development in a social context, as well as, understands development as being incumbent upon social practices and culturally valued goals (Cahan, 2008). patronage there being many philosophical views about the development of children in history, very few views have been integrated in the genuine child development concept. This is because, with time, more reliable, and valid concepts emerged, which explained the development of children more effectively.There are three main philosophical views, which the current concept about the development of children integrates, namely, the Waldorf education, the Montessori methods (programs), and the Reggio Emilia method. In that regard, the current concept of childhood development differs from the previous two in the following ways. First, Stanley Halls view emphasizes on the influence of genetics on the behavior of individuals whereas the current concept providing an environmental that encourages desirable development through direction and guidance of children. The current concept considers genes to be having minimal effect on the psychological development of a child. In essence, Stanley Halls view emphasizes on the nature while the current concept emphasizes on nurture (Edwards, 2002). The current developmental philosophy differs from John Deweys philosophy in the sense that Deweys view emphasizes on science and democracy, whereas the current philosophy does not.However, the current philosophy acknowledges science, but involves parents and teachers in making decisions about developmental aspects of their children rather than involving democracy. This is because the children are too young and less informed about decision-making thus, they need the help of superiors who mind them to help in making decisions. The parents and teachers play a significant role in decision-making until the child is old enough to make decisions accordingly. The current philosophy requires the delineation of children to different educational and developmental aspects so that they can respond and engage in the aspects, which they find most appealing to them with regard to individual differences. This is not the pillow slip for the other two philosophical views discussed in this paper, which disregard this developmental aspect (Edwards, 2002).In conclusion, there are many philosophical views about the development of children in history. Most of these views are not relevant because the concept they provided was narrow and ineffective. Examples of such views include the Stanley Halls and John Deweys views, among others. The three philosophical views that the current childhood dev elopmental concept considers include the Montessori programs, the Reggio Emilia method, and the Waldorf education. The current concept differs from the previous ones with regard to the scope of developmental aspects, with the previous ones being narrow-focused than the ones integrated in the current philosophical view, among other differences.ReferencesCahan E. D. (2008). Child Development, History of the Concept of. Encyclopedia of Children and childishness in History and Society. Advameg Inc., The Gale Group Edwards C. P. (2002). Three Approaches from Europe Waldorf, Montessori, and Reggio Emilia, Early Childhood Research and Practice, Volume 4, Number 1. Lincoln, NE, Department of Family and Consumer Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln MacDonald K. (n.d.). Historical Figures in Development Psychology. Long Beach, CA, Department of Psychology, CSU-Long Beach

Big Issue – Interview

How has Big government issue evolved over the years and has It been able to stay true to its Orlando/core values? Franchise base 0 slight rigor social entrepreneurs go around the world Message has gone out self help / working with people In the margin Core values have been consistent throughout the years 2.How did you come to be involved in Big Issue? Were you recruited or did you try out it out? Curious to understand the organizational fit. Recruited Brought considerable experience in the commercial area 0 capable of expanding businesses Stephen brought strategy and focus to a real commercial chancy proposition Walk the talk / communicate core values and principles 3. Does a charity like yours actively think about a AS analysis, like any other corporation?Running a charity is the same as running a business Charities need an running(a) framework in order to evolve and deliver objectives However, they are not always In control of all elements of the AS as It Is a full-bodied or ganization totally reliant on the success of the people 4. How much of the current structure is a direct result of the AS actions that your management police squad has taken? It Is However, some elements are not a direct result of the AS In order to get money from trusts, the environment dictates that you need to march what you have done There are requirements of the world that often override an Internal AS framework 5.Are you happy with the current structure and how would you like to enamor Big Issues AS evolve? Need some people on the ground as they are currently understaffed 6. Strategy What is Big Issue trying to achieve? Medal brand (education) Brokerage strategy Make a meaningful impact on the lives of people who are socially and financially excluded Solution C for what is going on in society 7. Skills / Style / Staffing What are your selection criteria for vendors?Skills Big Issue IT, HER, infrastructure, journalists, write, advertise C enterprise venders focused Style f lavor in the mission 0 unifying Shared belief in what we are here to do Tough parent / caring / listening 0 stick with standards Realism and good customer service Staffing Big Issue 75 people Ruinations / IT / HER) charity (25) Vendor population of 2,000 (need 30 people less than ?ask a year to help manage he vendors) Struggle to get support 0 efficient model 0 need more people on the ground 8.Systems / Structure How you do you support Big Issue vendors? They have a badge process, which is time limited and requires vendors to check in regularly At every check point, a new badge is issued to the vendor This facilitates performance managing 9. Shared Values How would you describe the vendor community Vendor community code of conduct see value of the choice they make to change 0 this can unify However, there is no defined docket not faith based prepared to put something in

The Media Violence Debate

THE MEDIA VIOLENCE DEBATE Introduction Television and scene games argon favorite slipway teenagers spend their leisure hours. P arnts and teens themselves restrain wondered about their effects beca substance abuse of numerous concerns raised with regards to the electr matchlessgative influences that these form of entertainment bring. Many of todays children grow up with a telly at home or even in their own rooms and there have been studies dedicated to the analysis of their impact of a early child growing up to adolescence. Young children be heavily influenced by idiot box and photograph games, umpteen of which are educational.While there are summercater educational heads and games that benefit educational development for young children, the choice of video games and boob tube shows are different when they grow up to be teenagers. This is when the problem begins. The negative influences of television and video games are aplenty. Flipping by dint of the channels would sur ely show situations of violence, sex scenes and explicit conversations, alcohol and drug use, cursing and verbal obscenities, bad corpse image reflections, and to a greater extent.Visiting a games arcade would not only hurt ones ears because of the noise of gunshots and obscene shouts from the games played, but also expose one to all-fired and highly violent ways of killing slew. These situations can affect teenagers differently. With any(prenominal) good things that can be learned from many television shows (documentaries and educational shows, for example) and video games (motor skills development), the negative effects of these forms of media outweighs the positive ones. This paper aims at discussing the effects of media particularly on the debate that has been going on with the ill-effects of media violence.Moreoer, it provides a birds sum view and analysis on the influences of media violence especially on children. Relevant Research and Authors Featured in The Guardian on June 2001, Rushdies Reality TV A Dearth of Talent and the Death of Morality has caught the attention of many moralists who agree on Rushdies idea and views on the prevalence and existence of in truthity TV today. Rushdie has presented so many points in his essay that I fully agree on. First, reality television shows are hard to avoid. Their ratings are a proof how people browse these kinds of shows.Look how many millions of texters would send in their votes for their favorite American Idol. The success of many reality shows in the 1990s do way for networks to think of to a greater extent programs the weirder, the better because people had the operateency to watch reality programs that exude the abnormal. Moreover, these reality shows that feature people who have no talent at all, such as MTVs resuscitate Jersey Shore, contrast to wholesome programs in the past and yes, some modern ones, that showcase celebrities with real talents or programs that are worth our precious time.M arshall McLuhan is not cognize by many but to those who are into the field of media, he is considered to be the first father and leading prophet of the electronic age. This Canadian born generator and critic wrote mostly on the topic of understanding the effects of technology as it is related to the popular culture and how this affected and influenced man and its relationship to one another and to the community as a whole.The phrase the medium is the center was started by McLuhan and s likewised to mean the form of a medium is embedded in the message itself thereby forming a correlation on how any message is being understood thus influencing change as time goes by. McLuhan (1964) asserts that that a medium affects the lodge in which it plays a exercise not only by the content delivered over the medium, but by the characteristics of the medium itself. Further more(prenominal), he emphasizes that any newspaper member or television program does not have any content at all unless the people or the society reacts to them.The messages that are presented by oral, photographic print and electronic media are still depending how it would influence the society as a whole and a person in particular. How the contents or messages come through and through changes the attitude of the viewers or readers. The messages that each kind of media exposes are dependent on persons view. He compares movies and television in their manner of think and content saying that the visual presentation presents different figures of influences. Media as a vessel of influential messages is an essential point to consider to every person who is into the ventilate and print industry.Video Games Violence Video games are a lucrative business anywhere in the world today, claiming US$ 10 billion in gross sales in the United pronounces alone in one year. However, with this increasing sales come serious concerns about their effects on players, especially teenagers. Researches have been conduct ed to show the effects of video games on teenagers. Results prove that there is indeed a high possibility and likelihood of war-ridden and violent behaviors to be manifested in some adolescents who frequently play violent video games.With these findings, public policy options for limiting distribution of these kind of games are being created however, the creation and spread of more video games seem too many too stop. In 2006, the Radiological Society of North America (RSNA) reported their findings on studies conducted on teenagers who play violent games. These young adolescents show long-lasting effects of abnormal brain functions which include intense emotional arousals and a decrease in their concentration, control, and focus. Television ViolenceAs a child becomes a teenager, his/her hours in front of the television lessens because socialization outdoors, demands of schoolwork, and the lure of other media forms (music, video games, computers, and the profits) would take a huge p ercentage of idle time. Watching television is considered to be a relaxing activity which needs less concentration. Rehnstrand (2005) writes that teenagers tend to watch television when they have nothing to do. Yet, even if time spent watching television lessens during these years, parents still have to know what their children are watchingTelevision in moderation is not bad at all. In fact, pre-schoolers can start learning through educational shows, grade school children can learn from nature shows, and adults can be informed with current news. Television can be a source of entertainment as good. However, with the good things, disadvantages cannot be negated. Studies show that teenagers who spend more than four hours daily in front of the television become overweight. They become either more obstreperous or become too fearful. Moreover, teenagers develop gender stereotyping and vices from many shows.Direct Effects of Media Violence Researches and studies by professionals in the f ield of health and psychology have revealed that exposure to media portrayals of violence increases aggressive behavior not only in children but adolescents and adults as well. Reports by mental health institutes allege that television, movie, music, the Internet, videogames and printed materials contribute to aggressive behaviors of individuals who are exposed to them. The violence depicted in them is considered risk factors to the developing child, adolescents and to the stability of their families.Individuals who are exposed to media violence often see the world as a sinister place as depicted by television programs. Even cartoon programs for kids are found to contain violence indirectly through their dialogues and actions. Kamalipour et al (2001) stated that with the advent of videocassette sales and rentals, pay-per-view TV, cable TV, videogames, and online interactive media, many more children and adolescents have greater access to media with violent content than had ever bee n accessible in previous decades.These depictions make young viewers numb to the ill-effects of violence, invasion, and develop in them fear. Recommendations of Filter Models for Television and Video Games Filtering is a way for parents or others who mark to violence in mass media to control what is being viewed and played in their homes. However, it is also categorized by some as censorship. Censorship is an essential and evaluate element of how people interact instead of cultivating a negative and separate interruption in the regular flow of communication.The major problem centers on where to report between what is acceptable and which is not, or who is approved and on what criteria to check. Technology has come up with many types of filtering models, all with one purpose to opt out move of a movie or TV program or video game that is not positive for children and teenagers especially. V-chip is used for television receivers that block programs and symbolizeed for parents u se for their children . Another is ClearPlay which provides families the choice to watch movies with less graphic violence, nudity, explicit sex, and profanity.Parental controls and guidance are still deemed to be the best models in filtering violence and other inapplicable parts of media. Self-control and discipline are also considered to be essential values that one should have to be able to practice responsibility over the violence depicted different ways. Stimulating or Cue Theories Tate and McConnell (2001) mention about the cue theory, which stated that when angry people are exposed to television or games violence,those portrayals signal to them to behave aggressively.The elements in the portrayal (guns, particular kinds of characters, etc. ) serve as cues. When these cues are later encountered in real life, viewers are reminded of theviolence, and this reminder increases the likelihood that they will behave aggressively. Viewers who identify with the aggressor in the mediaw ill be more likely to aggress in real life when presented with a similar situation to that of the media aggressor. And whenthe media portray violence as having successful outcome, viewers are more likely to be cued to try aggression as a strategy in real life.Catharsis speculation This hypothesis states that If you buy a punching bag, or release your aggression by playing Quake, or by screaming, then you will be less violent and aggressive in day-to-day life, having released your aggression. According to Greenfield (1984), many professionals on this field begged to disagree to this as there are other hypotheses that negateits formation. However, research testing this catharsis hypothesis found that children who are subjected to media violence showed more overt aggression that analysts appoint on lowered inhibitions.More researches show that most deadly effect of media violence is making people numb to the real violence in life. Cultivation Hypothesis The cultivation hypothesis wa s an approach developed by Professor George Gerbner who used Cultural Indicators to study whether and how watching television or playing video games whitethorn influence viewers ideas of what the everyday world is like. Theorists assert that television and video games has long term effectsthat areindirect but significant. Gerbner further argues in his theory that television is responsible for shaping viewers concepts and ideas of social reality.In addition, this theory proposes that mass media is a vital socializing agent that make television watchers believe in the stochastic variable of reality that it exhibits. Observational Learning This particular theory asserts study findings that exposure to media violence through television, the Internet, and video games greatly influence teenagers aggressive behavior. Young children tend to imitate and follow what they see and hear and this theory becomes accurate in their limitations concerning media violence. In addition, it proposes tha t media violence provides children ideas and views of a world that is really bad and hostile in reality.Considering gender issues when talking about media violence is a serious task that many media watchers are identifying. However, there are also issues that media violence that depicts women has unless the kindred effects of media violence as a whole. Feminists view this differently since they adhere to the fact that there is a grave impact of the degree of media violence if it consists of women issues. Media captivate Media is known to be one source of a steady hindrance in the communication among families, individuals, and society in general.It has played a significant role in shaping and portraying opinions and viewpoints of the public, forming a bond between the nations to the people while reproducing the total image of society. Criticisms as early as the middle of the twentieth century suggested that media was able to lessen and restrict a persons capacity to think and act independently. Occasionally, this is because of the influence suggestive of the many telescreens and printed writings. The media has indeed a very clear social and cultural effect upon society.This is can be explained upon their capacity to span and touch a huge audience with a stiff and influential message. Marshall McLuhan (1964) says the medium is the message as a tool of expounding how the distribution of a message can almost always be more vital than the content of the message itself. It is by the convincing power of media like television, radio, and print that messages span their tar seize audiences. Television and radio broadcasting, for example, have a huge volume of control over what the public watches and hears and the frequency they are viewed.This is an important aspect of traditional media that is challenged by changing the way the audience participates. The Internet today also has made a space for more mixture of opinions in the political, social, and cultural realms and an increased level of participation as well. Media Violence in Reality TV The reinvention of reality TV into a more horrible literary genre is proven by how such sports documentaries are programmed. Sometimes, some programs get too out of bound when the life of participants is being put out for the sake of fun.And it is gruesome how these participants are willing to risk their lives for the money at stake and by chance a shot at stardom, if lucky. In the past decade, we have witnessed how television drama has turned from wholesome to violent and sexually explicit. Moreover, the comedy is becoming worse with puns obviously intended (Halloran, 1975). Along with this, reality TV has turned into a genre that many critics of media assert showcases more violence, more tilt, more hurtful episodes, more vanity, and more sexuality as a version of reality.All these are offered to an audience who are willing to gobble these all up. It is a reality as well that many people enjoy reality TV shows as evidenced with the constant ratings that show business is doing well. The reasons behind this loyal patronage of reality shows are because people tend to identify themselves with the participants, they enjoy the competition, they are thrilled with the drama that are spiced in these shows (Earles et al, 2002). For the producing networks, it is not at all a sweat to get participants who are willing to undergo such rigid or too easy tasks.The lure of money and instant fame is too tempting to pass. Reality TV shows abound because of the pull it has on the audience share. However, many analysts agree that these kinds of shows that are being aired nowadays are getting ethically and morally indefinite compared to the reality TV series that were harmless and outright wholesome. Furthermore, reality TV shows clearly idolize and worship superficial human aspects like body and facial beauty. This becomes a very bad example for the youth who make up a big bulk of the audience sha re.Reports say that 3 out of 4 teenagers have reality shows as their favorite TV shows (Rushdie, 2001). Is reality television altering our values in a negative way or is just a reflection of already existing values? Definitely these shows generally impacts audiences in a negative way. In fairness for those shows who do not intend to exude negativism, they still do so. Although subtle or subconsciously, these shows are to blame for the erosion of ethics and morals especially among the young audiences who also enjoy the competition and vanity being portrayed in many of these types of programs.Parental guidance cannot seem to curtail such viewings and minors are taking a peek and take in of the badness involved reality shows. Yes, they entertain audiences because the plots excite the viewers. Remember that real people are writing the scripts and thinking of the plots. The production team is further made of real people. Therefore it follows that the values of the creators are shown, di rectly or indirectly, in their programs. Graphic Novels as an Agent of Media Violence The American comic book took determine in the late 1930s with the introduction of Superman and then Batman, Wonder Woman, Captain America and more.Arriving at the end of the Depression and ruing the first few weeks of worldly concern War II, comics provided cheap, thrilling entertainment that appealed to both the young and the soldiers (Rehnstrand, 2005). Comic books became a very influential and popular element of the entertainment world. As the medium progressed, it embraced a wide variety of genres like romance, horror, crime, science fiction, war, humor and adventure. Comic book sales soared up after World War II but suffered a setback in the mid-fifties brought about by anti-comic book hysteria.The Comic Books Authority whipped up a lot of no-noes on the plots and illustrations. The medium rebounded back in the 1960s this time with a brand new style of comic story telling. The late 1960s bro ught about the start of todays graphic novels which disregards the restrictions of the Comic code? More and more content was created and marketed as graphicnovels. 1986 was a breakthrough year when two critically acclaimed bestselling books were published as graphic novels Maus, and Watchmen. The late nineties introduced Manga, a type of graphic novel from Japan that was accepted warmly in the United States.Today, like their counterpart in prose, graphic novels cover every conceivable genre including fiction, biography, history, journalism, education, crime, horror, fantasy, romance, adventure, memoir, humor, politics, and many more. After a century of growth, the comics that once started for amusement in newspapers have matured and are beginning to enjoy a place in the literary world. Conclusion Television and video games can be good sources of education and entertainment for anybody at any age or gender. However, teenage is considered to be a crucial age when an individual is quit e adamant to become an adult or remain a child.The influence of media on teenagers has resulted on many emotional, social, and psychological dilemmas. Studies and research have been dedicated to analyzing the effect of media, particularly television and video games on teenagers. According to Rhenstrand (2005), playing video games is known to heighten the aggressive thoughts, emotions, and behaviors of teenagers. Video games can be more harmful than violent television shows or movies since they are more interactive, requiring the player to identify with the aggressive character.Some scientific studies state that the fewer teenagers play video games or watch television, the less aggressive they are. Attention has been centered on the concern of television and video games portrayal of violence, vices (smoking, drugs, and alcohol), and sex. With violence, television is passing the viewing of hurting and killing while video games needs the active participation of players. It is recommend ed that more research would be conducted on the behavioral outcomes of interactions on violence and sex in video games and the implications of passive participation of teenagers while watching television.However, there should be careful and strict guidelines that the viewing public should follow in order to ensure that their influences would be beneficial, especially for the young viewers. The influence is so great that it has made changes in the way people act and think. These media forms are here to stay, for sure. Let us just hope that it will be innovated to be used as an instrument of change for the better and not for worse. References Earles KA, R Alexander, M Johnson, J Liverpool, and M McGhee. 2002. Media influences on children and adolescents violence and sex. Journal of the National Medical Association. 94 (9) 797-801. Greenfield, Patricia Marks. 1984. Mind and media the effects of television, video games, and computers. Cambridge, chew Harvard University Press. Halloran JD. 1975. The Mass Media and Violence. Forensic Science. 5. 3 209-17. Kamalipour, Yahya R. , and Kuldip R. Rampal. 2001. Media, Sex, Violence, and Drugs in the Global Village. Lanham, Md Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. McLuhan, M. 1964.Understanding media The extensions of man. New York McGraw-Hill. Rehnstrand, R. 2005. The longitudional effects of media violence (television and video games) on violence in children into adulthood.Starred paper (M. S. )St. Cloud State University. Rushdie, Salman. 2001. Reality TV A Dearth of Talent and the Death of Morality. The Guardian. Tate, E. and McConnell, K. 2001. The mass media and violence from McKie, Craig and Benjamin Singer, (eds. ) Communications in Canada Society, 5th edition. Toronto Thompson Educational (TEP)

Compare how language

Compare how language is mathematical functiond to explore ideas and feelings in Checking by me History and one other poem from the Anthology. By dordafaye Compare how language is used to explore ideas and feelings in Checking come on me History and one other poem from the Anthology. Checking out me History is a poem about a Caribbean mans frustration at the teaching of history- he believes that he is only taught about white historical figures and argues that somewhat authoritative black icons are neglected. He argues for more freedom to bring out about icons from other cultures- reflecting multi-cultural society more accurately.Singh Song is a poem written from the perspective of a newly- wed Indian shop-worker in Britain, and tells the reader about his relationship with his bride and how this affects his work. The poem explores ideas about cultural identity- particularly looking at how social cultures fit into Western (British) society. In Checking out me History John Agard u ses a Caribbean dialect lick back, and phonetic spelling dem dat which reflects the Caribbean accent, to create a clear character voice. He does this to emphasize that he is a black Caribbean man and therefore the issues he explores are relevant and personal to him.Agard is in event half Guyanese and so the character of the poem could in fact be him this could be auto-biographical. Singh song is similar in that DalJit Nagra uses phonetic spelling My vife is on di web to reflect an Indian accent, and uses some humorous examples of language lost in translation such as at di cheese ov her price. Like Agard, Nagra uses a Voice which is directly linked to his own, as he is a British born Punjabi Indian, and the character speaks in what is referred to as Punglish a Punjabi influenced version of standard English.The tone of the ii poems is very different- Checking ut me History has an angry and negative tone. He is using the dialect and accent to emphasize how different black Caribbean i s from white British. The choice to save up in non-standard English perhaps reflects his disapproval of the idea of standard English- linking to his cultural identity. He repeats the phrase dem never tell me which emphasizes that the accused dem are withholding important information, and depriving him of something.He directs his poem at dem- a nameless authority who he claims are leaving him in the metaphorical dark Blind me to me own identity. We can demand that dem are white people that decide the curriculum, and the narrator feels show a very polarized view of history you could say he is trying to show that they bottle up him, an idea which is fuelled by the encounters of slavery and oppression of black people by others, and of escape freedom river, that he depicts in his descriptions of his heroes.The fact that he doesnt give dem label suggests he doesnt think very positively of them they dont deserve a name. He Juxtaposes white icons with black icons, and often the white i cons or histories are ridiculous rotating shaft Whittington and ne cat or linked to war and aggression Lord Nelson and Waterloo. This has the effect of making the black icons he mentions seem more important and awesome Toussaint a slave with vision. The constituteation of the poem pushes this idea further- as the black icons are written in italics, whereas the white icons are written in normal font.This could be significant as often literature uses italics to stress of emphasize a word within a sentence, he is perhaps trying to present his history choices as important in contrast to dems choices. However, ou could say that there are positive moments in the poem- when he is describing the people he would like to learn about he sounds as though he is inspired, using adjectives like see-far and verbs such as struggle brave to show his admiration.His descriptions of the black historical icons use positive imagery referring to freedom hopeful stream to freedom river from slavery, and of positive role-models A healing star a yellow sunrise. When he pass the white fgures he is taught about he is matter-of-fact and very succinct, but discusses the black figures in longer and more expressive detail. His descriptions of black icons are in addition free from rhyme schemes, enforcing the theme of freedom which runs throughout. Singh Song has an over both positive and Jolly tone. Nagra uses phonetic spelling and mis-translations in an amusing way.He builds what might be called a stereotypical image of an Indian man. The stereotype is shown in that he runs a corner shop, he eats Indian food chapatti chutney and he lives in an indian area di all Indian road. However, rather than being angry about being a stereotype, the character is happy and content. When non-standard English is used, it isnt necessarily deliberate or rying to realize a point like in Checking out me History which I think forces a phonetic difference to create an atmosphere of them versus me (the narr ator).I do shut up think that Nagra is trying to disprove the stereotype subtly, and show that them and me can be harmonious. He does this mostly through the character of the bride who is shockingly untraditional effing at my mommy stumble like a drunk a red crew cut, but is still connected to her Indian culture in all di colours of Punjabi sari. She is a more modern and westernised representation of an Indian woman.