Mitigating The Impact of Disasters Essay - 1001 Words

Both disasters and catastrophes are the result of a hazard or hazards coming into contact with humans in a vulnerable position. (Mileti, 1999) A beachfront row of condominiums along the US Gulf coast is an example of a disaster waiting to happen. If the condominiums aren’t there and the beach is in a natural state when a hurricane blows in there will be no disaster or catastrophe because humans wouldn’t be impacted. Although the characteristics of disasters and catastrophes have many differences, the thing they do have in common is that they both require the ingredients of not just a natural hazard but also that the hazard intersects with humans. Natural hazards are inherently part of the environment of the earth. Blizzards,†¦show more content†¦Also, building new hospitals using construction methods that minimize impact and maximize safety and ensuring they are equipped and provisioned to be self-sufficient and operational post-impact are important proactive s teps. Other considerations that should be addressed are staffing demands and evacuation procedures in the event the building itself is impacted. Are there agreements in place with regional, out of state, federal and international medical and transportation organizations and facilities? Many of the mitigation activities regarding health and status capacity compliment the activities in the preparedness phase of EM but the preparedness efforts must also include education of the public and responders, specific emergency plans and hazard-specific training. Ideally the training exercises should involve all community groups as well as key players from outside the potential catastrophe impact area. Of course, not all catastrophic risks can be known before hand but events like massive earthquakes or direct-impact hurricanes can be planned for and should be known from the results of thorough risk analysis and hazard vulnerability studies. Knowing the hazard specific risks and vulnerabilities will facilitate the preparedness, response and recovery efforts regarding the health status of the citizens’ pre and post-impact. Is there a Veterans Administration Hospital or Home inShow MoreRelatedThe Importance of a Disaster Recovery Plan1296 Words   |  5 PagesDisasters are occurrences one cannot control. The economic movements are unpredictable as technologies, effects of climate change, and health issues continue to persist; these among other disasters cause shifts in activity in the global financial market. Business companies in return are the last entity to carry the loads of aftermath of these circumstances. They become pressed in crisis of recovery when for example a calamity struck an entire nation. Disaster recovery planning and risk managementRead MoreArticle Summary And Critique Of Intranets Can Mitigate Business Risks By James Robertson1072 Words   |  5 Pagesobjectives. The paper will also have a critique of the chosen article. Overview of the Paper A quick summary of this paper is that it entails how the intranet can be used in mitigating business risks and provide practical approaches to these solutions. Also, the article brings out clearly the causes of business risks and the impacts to the organizations. Summary of the Article Intranets Can Mitigate Business Risks The article is all about the approaches that an organization may use the intranet in itsRead MoreThe Importance Of Hazards931 Words   |  4 Pagespriority. When disaster strike, nations with limited economic resilience not only suffered from the impacts on the human life, physical infrastructure, economic assets and environment, but also effected to the nations development endeavour (Shook, 1997). Everyday many individuals and organizations invest their money in buying insurance to transfer potential risk to avoid uncertainty from the disasters by paying a certain premium. Risk transfer mechanism has been used for centuries, mitigating the financialRead MoreThe Department Of Homeland Securities 2014 Essay1078 Words   |  5 Pagesnot only for the local communities, but the nation as a whole. There are a number of ways for states, local communities, and tribal organizations to prioritize and assess the greatest risks applicable to them, and the means in which to implement mitigating measures to reduce the risk from identified threats and hazards. The National Preparedness Goal under the direction of Presidential Policy Directive 8 outlines the means to which all facets of the nation can prepare. The stated objective of theRead MoreBusiness Impact Analysis of Russell Landing Marina Essay582 Words   |  3 PagesBusiness impact analysis is the process of systematically addressing all of the risks associated with a solution and identifying if it actually worked. Many formulas exist, designed to show what factors are included when compiling an analysis. The simple formula of multiplying threats by your asset and dividing that total by mitigating factors represents an impact analysis. Threats are those instances that cause an operational or financial strain on your organization. These occurrences are the causeRead MoreHazards And Hazards Of Disaster Prevention928 Words   |  4 PagesImpediments to Disaster Prevention in Major Cities Reporting to the Japanese Cabinet, a panel researching on potential disasters reported the potential of 30-35 meters high disaster hitting Tokyo and other regions in future. The over-reliance on nuclear energy in some of these regions also poses a major threat whenever such disasters strike. The Southwestern Ohi Nuclear power plant was restarted amidst protests from the public. This shows some degree of awareness on the public’s side. Indeed, previousRead MoreEssay on Phases of Emergency Management915 Words   |  4 Pagesthis paper we will look at definitions and descriptions of each phase or component of emergency management, the importance of understanding interrelationships and responsibilities for each phase, some newer language and associated concepts (e.g., disaster resistance, sustainability, resilience, business continuity, risk management), and the diversity of research perspectives. Emergency management has been described for the past three decades as a â€Å"four phase† process, involving: †¢ Mitigation; †¢ Preparedness;Read MoreThe Problem Of Disaster Prevention933 Words   |  4 PagesMod 1 Case 2 LP Impediments to Disaster Prevention in Major Cities Reporting to the Japanese Cabinet, a panel researching on potential disasters reported the potential of 30-35 meters high disaster hitting Tokyo and other regions in future. The over-reliance on nuclear energy in some of these regions also poses a major threat whenever such disasters strike. The Southwestern Ohi Nuclear power plant was restarted amidst protests from the public. This shows some degree of awareness on the public’sRead MoreDisaster And Emergency Management894 Words   |  4 PagesVulnerability can be represented in a specific physical or geographic location, or those within a certain socioeconomic status, or demographic. The discussion of social vulnerability frequents the field of Disaster and Emergency Management, as it is an important factor in the planning and execution of mitigating possible risks that varying populations may face. Emergency managers in The United States of America use the Social Vulnerability Index (SVI) which uses U.S. census data to help identify communitiesRead MoreFeasibility Analysis Of Arnold Bakerys Business Impact Analysis Report701 Words   |  3 PagesArnold Bakery’s Business Impact Analysis Report The proposed electronic records system is the solution Arnold Bakery has been waiting for because the ingenious move to electronically capture all company records, will transform all operations at Arnold Bakery by increasing efficiency and effectiveness within Arnold Bakery. The designed feasibility analysis aims at explaining to all stakeholders of Arnold Bakery the importance of implementing this new proposed project. The employees of Arnold Bakery

Jane Austens View of Marriage in Pride and Prejudice Essays

Jane Austens View of Marriage in Pride and Prejudice It is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in possession of a good fortune, must be in want if a wife This comment is humorous and satirical, but holds an underlying truth. The fact that Jane Austen opens the novel with such a comment on marriage evidences the importance of the theme in the book. Indeed the novel is all about marriage in society. Austen lived in a time when marriage was the only way out for some women, or they would be forced to become a governess and lose their independence. The way that this opening sentence is out provides another theme, satire. Austen sees the following marriages that she writes on as amusing but they are still†¦show more content†¦The fact that Mr Bennet knows that his marriage is unsuccessful is important. We know that he is conscious of it, as he warns Elizabeth against an unequal marriage, My child, let me not have the grief of seeing you unable to respect your partner in life This shows us that Mr Bennet knows he made a mistake marrying the prettiest girl all those years ago, and he wants to make sure that his favourite daughter doesnt make the same mistake. The marriage of Charlotte Lucas and Mr Collins is one that Austen sees as an average one. It is similar to some of those at the time. It is most certainly a marriage of convenience. Charlotte is very cynical about marriage and love. She believes that happiness in marriage is entirely a matter of chance Jane Austen criticises Charlottes lack of romance and idealism, through Elizabeth but underlying that we know she understands her motives for marriage. Charlotte also says that a woman must let a man know that shes interested to make sure she snags him. She advises Elizabeth that Jane does this to ensure a marriage to Bingley. Charlotte is obviously not speaking from experience, because at 27 year old, she is practically an old maid and on the shelf. Nobody wants her, and soon she will be forced to become a governess if she cant find a husband soon. After Collins proposes to Elizabeth, Charlotte, knowing she needs a husband, jumps straight in with her tactics. She doesnt however treadShow MoreRelated Views on Pride, Prejudice and Marriage in Jane Austens Pride and Prejudice5150 Words   |  21 PagesViews on Pride, Prejudice and Marriage in Jane Austens Pride and Prejudice Pride pride n., v., 1. high (or too high) opinion of ones own dignity, importance, worth, etc. 2. the condition or feeling of being proud. 3. a noble sense of what is due to oneself or ones position or character; self respect; self esteem. prejudice n., v., 1. an opinion In the novel by Jane Austen, displays a severe contrast between Elizabeth and Darcy in the story. Jane Austen does thisRead MoreThe Influence of Regency England in Pride and Prejudice1604 Words   |  7 Pagesfamiliarity [with those below in social rank was] a degradation† (137). One of Regency England’s most beloved writers, Jane Austen, continued the tradition of casting literature as a reflection of contemporary society’s biases. Her novels brim with indicators of Regency England’s preconceptions. The characters in Austen’s novel, Pride and Prejudice, seek economic security through marriage, and cast a critical eye on those who divert themselves with lesser, frivolous pursuits, resulting in their effortsRead MorePride and Prejudice Values Juxtaposed Letters to Alice1228 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Pride and Prejudice† and â€Å"Letters to Alice† contains many similarities yet some obvious differences even when considering the fact that they were written hundreds of years apart. Both texts pro vide strong perspectives on a variety of issues and are very blunt in their approach. The key issue throughout both novels is the ideology of marriage in the sense of whether one should marry for love or financial stability and standing. Both novels are written in an epistolary format providing a differentRead MoreJane Austen’s Novel Pride and Prejudice Essay874 Words   |  4 Pagesmain theme of an advantageous marriage for the English novelist, Jane Austen. Her realism, biting irony and social commentary have gained her historical importance among scholars and critics (Southam). Austen’s major novels, including Pride and Prejudice, were composed between the years 1795-1815. During those twenty years England was at the height of its power facing many historical landmarks (Thomson). It is no coincidence that Jane Austen’s novel, Pride and Prejudice, coincides directly with theRead More Women and Marriage in Jane Austens Pride and Prejudice Essay examples663 Wor ds   |  3 PagesWomen and Marriage in Jane Austens Pride and Prejudice And they lived happily ever after... Or did they? Pride and Prejudice, a captivating novel written by Jane Austen, is the story of Elizabeth and her adventure challenging society and ending up deep in true love. Pride and Prejudice takes place in a town outside of London called Hertfordshire, where the reader follows Elizabeth, her friends, and her family as they search for love in the nineteenth century. The author writes of ElizabethsRead More Explore Jane Austen’s attitude to marriage in Pride and Prejudice1671 Words   |  7 PagesExplore Jane Austen’s attitude to marriage in Pride and Prejudice Looking at the social, historical and cultural context In the 19th century when Austen wrote ‘Pride and Prejudice’, the way in which marriage was viewed was very different. It would have been expected of a young woman to find a ‘suitable’ partner for marriage before they were thirty, as after this they could be seen as an embarrassment to their family. By suitable, it does not mean in the way in which marriage is viewedRead MoreThe Austen Marriage1601 Words   |  7 PagesThe females in Pride and Prejudice have their moral values reflected in their marriage. They each have a predetermined standard – whether it is love or monetary gain, or superficial or complex – of what constitutes a marital relationship. According to Zimmerman, â€Å"the character from whose point of view much of the action is seen is Elizabeth† (67). She is either the one being married or is the one giving opinion on another’s marriage. Jane Austen utilizes Elizabeth as the crux of the plot’s movementRead MoreClass In Pride And Prejudice Analysis844 Words   |  4 Pagesembodies† (17). Yet, while Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice sets out to challenge societal misgivings, it also suggests hints at a reinforcement of a patriarchal and capitalistic hierarchy. Therefore, one must ask if Austen’s work is readily attempting to challenge society an d transform it to match the more feminine and self-aware conceptions presented in the text through its protagonist, Elizabeth Bennet, and her experience. Ultimately, does Austen in Pride and Prejudice reinforce or challenge ‘class’Read MoreJane Austen s Pride And Prejudice1418 Words   |  6 PagesMarriage is a fundamental topic in Jane Austen’s famous novel, Pride and Prejudice. Readers become invested in the lives of the Bennet sisters who are constantly dreaming of relationships. Still unknown, however, is Austen’s reason for writing this novel that is so extremely concentrated on marriage. Some critics believe that Austen wrote the novel to portray how different social classes affected the lives of women such as the Bennet sisters. Others, however, believe that the novel was writtenRead MoreJane Austen s Pride And Prejudice1211 Words   |  5 PagesJane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice was greatly influenced by the time period in which it was w ritten, This novel follows the story of Elizabeth Bennet and her sisters as they are faced with marriage proposals. The marriage and roles of women in this time period are shown throughout this story. During the time Austen was writing this novel, a woman’s role for her family changed. Daughters started to become a way for their family to achieve more money. Because their family depended on this financial

Human Nutrition and Digestion

Question: Discuss about the Human Nutrition and Digestion. Answer: 1. There are seven requirements for a balanced human diet which include water, proteins, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins, minerals and fibre or roughage (Rolfes, Pinna Whitney, 2015). There are various types of food sources under these diverse classes of balanced diet requirement. The primary purpose of advocating for balanced diet among individuals is in order to achieve and sustain good health. Although all these requirements are necessary for daily diet, there are guidelines for consumption which determine the ratios and amount of intake according to recommended dietary allowances (RDA). Water is vital for the humans, and it makes up averagely about 70% of the body weight. Water requirements and recommended consumption of water per day depend on various factors which include physical activities undertaken, age and environmental conditions. Therefore there are natural and automatic mechanisms through which the body regulates the need for water consumption by controlling thirst center s within the brain. Much of the water in the body is within the intracellular spaces while some are within the extracellular spaces, majorly the cardiovascular system as blood (Katz, Friedman Lucan, 2015). The primary roles of water, especially in the cardiovascular system, is to aid transportation of other nutrients such carbohydrate products, amino acids, minerals and vitamins to all body parts and their cells, assisting in getting rid of harmful toxins from the body through sweating and through the urinary system and it moistens certain membranes in the body such as nose, lungs, ears among several others. The most common sources of water are fluid foods, fruits, direct intake of water through drinks and foods with moisture content in them. Protein is another requirement to meet the balanced diet. The roles of this macronutrient in the body are to repair and maintain body tissues. They are essential in the healing process of wounds. Additionally, they are the ones utilised by the body to make enzymes and hormones that control different physiological functions. Proteins also are the ones that make a significant part of antibodies that provide body immunity. Furthermore, they are involved in the transportation of protein-bound molecules throughout the body besides controlling the plasma oncotic pressure. Moreover, it is a source of energy in the absence of enough energy production from carbohydrates. Proteins can be derived from animal based food such as fish, animal meat, eggs and milk products. From plants, they can be derived from leguminous plant seeds such as beans and lentils (Elia, Nutrition Society (Great Britain), 2013). Carbohydrates have several functions in the body. Firstly, they are the primary source of energy. Consequently, they spare the use of proteins for energy hence preventing ketosis that is associated with utilization of proteins for energy. They are also a source of glycogen that makes part of body cells that are made up of glycoproteins. Food sources of this macronutrient are cereals such as maize, millet, sorghum and rice, beverages, fruits and legumes. Fats in a similar way play the role of energy source in the body in some instances such as when one is starving. They also aid in the absorption, transportation and distribution of some essential nutrients such as vitamin A, D, E, K and drugs in the body that are lipid soluble. Fats make the adipose tissue that provides insulation and guarding against loss of heat hence maintaining body temperatures within normal ranges besides providing cushion and acting as shock absorbers around vital organs. Fats can be obtained from food sources such as fish, animal meat, milk, cheese and chicken. They are also available in some plants such as grains, seeds, and nuts. They can equally be obtained from cooking oils and fats (Grodner, Escott-Stump Dorner, 2016). Vitamins are classified into water and fat or lipid soluble. Fat soluble vitamins are A, D, E and K. The rest such as vitamin B complexes and C are water soluble. Their sources are also different. However, there are some that share a common source. The following is a simplified table showing the origin and roles of these vitamins in the body according to Walter, Hornig, Moser, European Academy of Nutritional Sciences, 2013. Vitamin Source Function A Egg yolk, liver, dark leafy vegetables, fortified milk products Maintenance of healthy mucous membranes, bones, and prevention of night blindness B complex Avocado, meat, eggs, brown rice, milk Red blood cell production and sustenance of the nervous system C (ascorbic acid) Fruits such as lemons and oranges Promotes wound healing, absorption of iron and it acts as an antioxidant D Fish, fortified milk products Helps in absorption of calcium K Cabbage, meat, cereals, liver, dark leafy vegetables Helps in blood coagulation Mineral such as sodium, potassium, iodine, iron, chlorides and calcium are required by the body and therefore are needed in daily diet in recommended amounts. These minerals can be obtained from food sources such as liver, kidney, eggs, fish, iodized salt, beans, milk, vegetables, cereals, and nuts. They are meant for different purposes in the body including blood pressure regulation by potassium and sodium, normal heart functioning by potassium and calcium, haemoglobin formation by iron, production of thyroid hormones by iodine, bone formation and maintenance by calcium and phosphorus besides calcium also playing a role in blood clotting. Fibre or roughages primary function is ensuring normal functioning of the digestive system. It increases motility of the gastrointestinal system besides providing the bulk needed in movement and elimination of intestinal contents. The primary source of roughage is foods high in cellulose such as vegetables and fruits; cabbage, spinach, kales, mangoes, oranges and lemon. Roughage is neither digested nor absorbed in the digestive system of humans. 2. The purpose of calculating the body mass index (BMI) is usually to determine the health of an individual by knowing the amount of fat in the body based on their height and weight. BMI is essential in the diagnosis of obesity which is a risk factor for diseases such as diabetes type 2 and cardiovascular diseases (Ferrera, 2013). On the other hand, it can determine malnutrition hence prompting nutritional interventions on an individual. It is determined by getting a quotient through the division of a person's weight in kilograms and the square of their height in meters. The normal BMI ranges are 18.5-25.0 kg/m2. This technique is, however, unreliable in some instances such as when used in children since it is meant to be used in adults only. Its validity can also be affected if one is pregnant, has severe extremity oedema, ascites or has somebody deformities affect the accuracy of an individuals BMI. In such instances, other means of determining body fat are used such as waist and m iddle upper arm circumferences (Vermeulen De, 2012). BMI calculation examples: BMI of a male adult with a height of 1.7 metres and 80 kilograms BMI is 801.72 =27.68 kg/m2 (the individual is overweight) BMI of a female adult with a height of 1.62 meters and 50 kilograms BMI is 501.622=19.05 kg/m2 (within normal BMI ranges) BMI of a female child 14 years old with a height of 1.3 meters and a weight of 29.1kgs BMI=29.11.32 =17.2 kg/m2, then determine the percentile they belong while considering age in the BMI chart. In this case, the child is in the 5th percentile and therefore deemed underweight. 3. (a) Nutritional deficiency is a lack of adequate amount of a particular nutrient in the body hence resulting in a certain nutritional disorder. Nutritional deficiency may be either due to lack of enough intake of that particular nutrient or due to malabsorption. On the other hand, imbalanced diet is the intake in either excess or less than the recommended dietary amounts per day of particular nutrients. Deficiency of iron is causes iron deficiency anaemia that is characterised by brittle nails, weakness, and fatigue, pallor on the skin, dizziness and shortness of breath. Protein deficiency causes kwashiorkor that has characteristic symptoms which include muscle weakness; muscle cramping stunted growth reduced muscle mass and ascites. Vitamin K deficiency typically causes coagulopathies in which blood clotting may occur slowly or not occur depending on the extent of the deficiency, leading to massive There is a number of causes of imbalanced nutrition such as poverty, lack of acces s all nutrient food sources, lack of nutritional education and certain eating disorders (Wardlaw Byrd-Bredbenner, 2013). (b) Type of amino acid Examples Essential amino acids are those that cannot be naturally produced by the body and therefore are required to be obtained from food consumed Phenylalanine, leucine, lysine, valine, methionine, threonine, tryptophan, histidine and isoleucine. Non-essential amino acids are the ones that are produced by the body and are not necessary needed to be part of the diet. alanine,arginine,glutamicacid, andglycine 4. Javid and Alicia being male and female respectively aged 27 years have different dietary needs which they should meet by intake of various nutrients according to recommended dietary allowance (RDA) thus preventing nutritionally related diseases. The RDA for male his age recommends a total of averagely 2550 kcal per day while that for her age is 2000kcal per day (Shils Shike, 2016). This energy should be obtained from various nutrients as follows: Nutrient Proteins Fats Carbohydrates Fibre Cholesterol Vit A Vit C Ca Na Javid (male) 68g 71g 351g 26g 300mcg 750mcg 30mcg 0.4-0.5g 0.4-0.5g Alicia (female) 58g 56g 275g 20g 300mcg 750mcg 30mcg 0.4-0.5g 0.4-0.5g 5. The labelled parts of the digestive system are: The mandibular salivary gland which is an irregular sac-like structure on the floor of the mouth whose function is to secrete saliva into the mouth cavity (Tamir, 2012). The gall bladder is a small sac-like structure beneath the liver whose function is collection and storage of bile produced by the hepatic cells of the liver. Bile duct is a tubular structure that connects and conveys bile from the gall bladder to the duodenum The liver is a smooth glandular organ with lobes in the abdominal cavity whose function is detoxification, regulation of body temperature and secretion of bile. The duodenum is the first part of the small intestines after the stomach into which secretion of bile and pancreatic juice occur to aid in the digestion of fats and other nutrients. Appendix is a finger-like structure in the ileocecal junction which is vestigial and functionless. However, it has lymphoid cells and hence may have immunological functions. The oesophagus is a tubular structure that connects the mouth and the stomach whose function is to allow movement of ingested substances from the mouth to the stomach. The diaphragm is a dome-shaped structure separating the abdominal and thoracic cavities. Its role is aiding in breathing and defecation (Walker, 2015). The stomach is a sac-like structure between the oesophagus and the duodenum in the digestive system. Its primary function is secretion of hydrochloric acid for digestion and churning of food to form chyme in the process of mechanical and chemical digestion. Pancreas, a feather-like structure is both an endocrine and exocrine gland that secretes pancreatic juice with enzymes for digestion of food, insulin and glucagon hormones for regulation of glucose in the blood (Netter, 2014). The descending colon is a tubular structure whose function is the absorption of water and electrolytes besides allowing faecal matter to descent towards the sigmoid colon. The jejunum is a highly coiled middle part of the small intestines in which much of absorption of almost all nutrients occurs (Enger, Ross Bailey, 2012). The rectum is a sac-like structure after the sigmoid colon and before the anus which provides storage for the faecal matter before elimination through defecation. The anus is an opening at the end of the digestive system. It is composed of the anal sphincter, and its function is to allow removal of faecal matter through defecation (Barrett Ganong, 2012). 6. istologically, the stomach consists of a simple columnar epithelium. It has surface mucous cells that secrete mucin to the epithelial lining. Its lining has gastric pits and gastric glands on their bases. Its muscularis is also composed of oblique, circular and longitudinal layers from inside outwards. The duodenum has tall villi and crypts in it and Brunners glands. Its epithelium is lined by cuboidal epithelium. On the other hand, the ilium is composed of tiny finger-like projections called villi and microvilli. Its lining is covered by simple columnar cells. These villi contain venules and arterioles for blood supply and transportation of absorbed food. Both the duodenum and the ileum have four layers namely the mucosal layer that has lamina propria and muscularis mucosa lined with simple columnar epithelium (lamina epithelialis) that has enterocytes as well as goblet cells for mucus production, submucosa, muscularis propria and the serosa. (Lowe, Anderson Stevens, 2015). Fig 1.0: Histological structures of the stomach Fig 1.1: Histological structures of the ileum (a) (i) Intracellular digestion is the breakdown of particles of substances within the cells with the aid of enzymes such as hydrolytic enzyme released by lysosomes. (ii) Extracellular digestion is a breakdown of food substances into smaller particles outside the body cells such as within cavities such as the buccal cavity and the stomach. (iii) Mechanical digestion is the physical breakdown through chewing and other means of ingested substances into smaller particles (Wingerd, 2014). (iv) Chemical digestion is the breakdown of ingested food into simpler building blocks of a nutrient with the help of chemicals such as enzymes and hydrochloric acid. (b) The ham sandwich of bread, butter and ham has three major nutrients which are carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. With bread, starch, in the mouth, it is partially broken down by salivary amylase to form maltose. In the duodenum, the remaining sugars are acted upon by pancreatic amylase to form more maltose. In the small intestines, maltase enzyme further breaks down maltose into glucose molecules. Further, sucrose and lactase digest sucrose and lactose respectively into glucose and fructose, galactose and glucose in that order. These end molecules are readily absorbed into the bloodstream in the small intestines (McArdle, Katch Katch, 2014). Fats in butter are acted on by salivary and gastric lipases to hydrolyze them to glycerol and fatty acids. In the small intestines, bile salts secreted from the gall bladder aid in further emulsification. The pancreatic lipase, cholesterol ester hydrolase, and phospholipase chemically break down the fats and lead to end resultant substances: monoglycerides, fatty acids, cholesterol, lysolecithin, and glycerol. These elements are made soluble by mixing with micelles after which they are delivered to the intestinal epithelial cells brush-border membrane and diffuse into the cells and into the bloodstream via the lymphatic system. Ham, protein is digested in the stomach and duodenum where it is enzymatically broken down by pepsin-trypsin and chymotrypsin into dipeptides and eventually into amino acids which are absorbable in the small intestines (Lipski, 2012). Lacteals are part of the lymphatic system in the villi. Their primary function is to provide absorption mechanisms of molecules that are too large to pass and be transported in the bloodstream through capillaries in the villi. Similarly, these capillaries play a role in the transportation of absorbed small sized nutrients such as glucose, mineral salts, and vitamins through the bloodstream (Davenport, 2015). Fig 1.2: Lacteal and blood capillaries in the villus References Barrett, K Ganong, W 2012,Ganong's review of medical physiology, McGraw-Hill Education LLC, New York. Davenport, H 2015,Physiology of the digestive tract: An introductory text, Year Book Medical Publishers, Chicago. Enger, E, Ross, F Bailey, D 2012,Concepts in biology, McGraw-Hill, New York. Elia, M Nutrition Society (Great Britain) 2013,Clinical nutrition, West Sussex:Wiley Blackwell, Chichester. Ferrera, L 2013,Focus on body mass index and health research, Nova Science Publishers, New York. Grodner, M, Escott-Stump, S Dorner, S 2016,Nutritional foundations and clinical applications: A nursing approach, Elsevier Mosby, St. Louis, Missouri. Katz, D, Friedman, R Lucan, S 2015,Nutrition in clinical practice: A comprehensive, evidence-based manual for the practitioner, Wolters Kluwer, Philadelphia. Lipski, E 2012,Digestive wellness: Strengthen the immune system and prevent disease through healthy digestion, McGraw-Hill, New York. Lowe, J, Anderson, P Stevens, A 2015,Stevens Lowe's human histology, Elsevier/Mosby, Philadelphia. McArdle, W, Katch, F Katch, V 2014,Exercise physiology: Energy, nutrition, and human performance, Lippincott Williams Wilkins, Philadelphia. Netter, F 2014, Atlas of human anatomy, Saunders/Elsevier, Philadelphia. Rolfes, S, Pinna, K Whitney, E 2015, Understanding Normal and Clinical Nutrition, Cengage Learning, Stamford. Shils, M Shike, M 2016,Modern nutrition in health and disease, Lippincott Williams Wilkins, Philadelphia. Tamir, E 2012,The human body made simple, Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh. Walker, R 2015,Human body, DK Publishers, New York. Vermeulen, A De, S 2012,New trends in body mass index research, Nova Biomedical/Nova Science Publishers, New York: Walter, P, Hornig, D, Moser, U European Academy of Nutritional Sciences 2013,Functions of vitamins beyond recommended dietary allowances, Karger, Basel. Wardlaw, G Byrd-Bredbenner, C 2013,Wardlaw's perspectives in nutrition, McGraw-Hill Higher Education, New York. Wingerd, B 2014,The human body: Concepts of anatomy and physiology, Wolters Kluwer/Lippincott Williams Wilkins, Philadelphia.

Since no man has any natural authority over his fellows Essay Example

Since no man has any natural authority over his fellows Paper Rousseau endeavours to find a form of association which will defend the person and goods of each member with the collective force of all, and under which each individual, while uniting himself with others, obeys no-one but himself, and remains as free as before (p. 60). The solution to this conundrum is Rousseaus social contract where each one of us puts into the community his person and all his powers under the supreme direction of the general will; and as a body we incorporate every member as an indivisible part of the whole (p. 61). The people become a single unity with a will of its own and a common purpose. In effect man gives up completely his natural liberty and in return receives civil liberty. By renouncing natural liberty we are giving up the ability to indulge our animal desires but in return we gain a civil liberty, something we aspire to as an intelligent being and a man (p. 65). When man has civil liberty he is truly free because this requires obedience to a law that is his own. Civil liberty is not giving in to impulsive desires but instead the being faithful to second order desires. We will write a custom essay sample on Since no man has any natural authority over his fellows specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Since no man has any natural authority over his fellows specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Since no man has any natural authority over his fellows specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Real freedom does not lie in the satisfaction of animal impulses but in the satisfying of desires that men as rational beings desire. Mans interaction with others will require the use of reason and the use of will in order for him to subordinate immediate personal desire to a higher social good. When Rousseau talks of taking men as they are (p. 41), he doesnt insinuate the corrupt beings of contemporary society but instead natural man, men who are capable of rational thought and who are subject to morality. It is important to understand mans desire for self-preservation and his own self interest, it is the consideration of these factors that men will enter into a political society. The positive advantages gained from such an agreement will guarantee self-preservation and secure proprietorship but more importantly man acquires moral freedom. Rousseau maintains that to be governed by appetite alone is slavery, [but] obedience to a law one prescribes to oneself is freedom (p. 65). As soon as man follows order instead of impulse his existence is given elevation and importance that are unknown to man in his state of nature. Rousseau is clear in his belief that it is only the participation in political society that can transform man from a stupid and limited animal (p. 65). Man having surrendered his natural liberty now submits himself to the general will (p. 61). Consent is no longer sufficient to establish the legitimacy of the acts of sovereign, a man has no right to call another his slave, but only through consent of the slave which is indeed absurd1. Mans intrinsic freedom is realised by a submission to the general will because it can neither alienate any part of itself (p. 60) nor offend against any one of its members without offending the body (p. 60). If this social contract is adhered to then there cannot be a manifestation of any particular will or interest in conflict with the common interest. The social contract makes men equal by covenant and by right (p. 68) and it is Rousseaus intention to bring together individuals in a way that gives them a collective expression and a collective force. It is with this knowledge that the individual will surrender his own limited power for the protection given by the combined power of the whole community. The concept of the collective force and sovereignty is irrelevant unless everyone without exception accepts it, for if any individual were to be considered exempt genuine political freedom is impossible. With the conditions being equal for all, namely the total alienation by each associate of himself and all his rights to the whole community (p. 60) and because all freely accept them; in obeying the supreme direction of the general will (p. 61), the citizens are obeying themselves and this is truly freedom. The citizens commit themselves on the same conditions and must enjoy the same rights; sovereignty becomes the guarantor of freedom but Rousseaus account of freedom is paradoxical. Man has to understand that his view point is false and his real will is to be identified with the community as a whole, whoever refuses to obey the general will shall be compelled to do so by the whole of society, which means nothing less than he will be forced to be free (p. 64). How can it be legitimate to force someone to be free? Such a statement seems to advocate a form of totalitarianism but despite any dark undertones conjured from such a statement there is an inclination to be sympathetic. Rousseau presents us with a situation where we all participate in governing ourselves as one body, what else are we to do when, in society someone wishes to undermine a system so legitimately formed? Natural freedom cannot be granted to individuals who would use it in a manner as to undermine the civil freedom we encompass as a body politic. We cannot allow democratic freedom to destabilise democracy itself. BIBLIOGRAPHY Penguin Classics, Jean Jacques Rousseau, The Social Contract Ronald Grimsley, The Philosophy of Rousseau, Oxford University Press, 1973 Anthony Harrison-Barbet, Mastering Philosophy, Macmillan Press, 1990 Asher Horowitz, Rousseau, Nature, and History, University of Toronto Press, 1987 1 Mastering Philosophy, Anthony Harrison-Barnet, Macmillan Master Series, 1990.

Induction Report Essays

Induction Report Essays Induction Report Essay Induction Report Essay INDUCTION REPORT CORPORATE HR INTRODUCING GODREJ Established in 1897, the Godrej group has grown in India from the days of the charkha to nights at the call centers. Our founder, Ardeshir Godrej, lawyer-turned-locksmith, was a persistent inventor and a strong visionary who could see the spark in the future. His inventions, manufactured by his brother Pirojsha Godrej, were the foundation of today’s Godrej empire. One of India’s most trusted brand, Godrej enjoys the patronage and trust of over 470 million Indians every single day. Our customers mean the world to us. We are happy only when we see a delighted customer smile. With 7 major companies with interests in real estate, FMCG, industrial engineering, appliances, furniture, security and agri care – to name a few – our turnover crosses 2. 6 billion dollars. You think of Godrej as such an integral part of India – like the bhangara or the kurta – that you may be surprised to know that 20% of our business is done overseas. Our presence in more than 60 countries ensures that our customers are at home with Godrej no matter where they go. With brands you can believe in, service excellence you can count on and the promise of brighter living for every customer, Godrej knows what makes India tick today. Today, we are at a point in Godrej’s history when our amazing past is meeting up with its spectacular future head on. Godrej is learning and relishing being young again. INDUCTION REPORT The Induction Training is a Familarisation Program designed and scheduled for Graduate and Management Trainees. The schedule included 27 sessions deployed in accordance to various fuctions pertaining in the PA Department of Godrej Boyce Mfg. Co. Ltd. The program commenced from 23rd August 2010 and successfully completed its last session on 16th August 2010. The Highlights of the program were : DPH Interaction. ISP Recruitment (ESP)- ERP and Campus. Recruitment Operations. Training and Competancy developement. Performance Management System. Human Resource Information System. Analytics and Concept of PMO. Compensation and benefits. Employee Engagement. Industrial Relations. Administration. Contract labour Credit Society. Prajapati Kendra. T and Recruitment Initiatives, Affirmative action Dispensary and Safety. Archives Address by Head HR. DPH INTERACTION Mr. Praveen Garkal – Division Personnel Head of P Department. Ms. Neesha Balan Division Personnel Head of P Department. The session was headed by the Division Personnel Head Mr. Praveen and Ms. Neesha , where in the Introduction of the various fuctions of P was highligthed. Personal Admin Department : Personal Admin Department helps in managing our organizations human resources. It has the functional areas of recruitment, selection, retention, developement, assesment and adjustment of personnel. The structure of our Personal Admin Department is as follows: Mr. Anil Verma Heads the PA Department. Following are the departments that fall under the PA Jurisdiction. 1) Human Resource: * Recruitment * Training Developement * Internal Selection Process * Operations * Compensation * Human Resource Information System Performance Management System * Employee Engagement * Policies 2) Industrial Relations: * Courtcases * Contract Labour * Recruitment of Workmen * Workmen Trainee * Credit Society * Security * Safety * Canteen 3) Administration * Statutary Compliances * School * Library * Housing * Consumer Society * CMRD * Pertrol Pump 4. DPH Office 5. Corporate Communication 6. E S pace 7. Archives. Internal Selection Process (ISP) ISP is a systematic procedure that involves selection of talents from within the organisation to perform the required job or task. There are 3 processes involved in ISP : Permanent Employees Temporary Employees Workers. Permanent Employees : The Division Personnel Head sends the requirement of manpower to the corporate team. The ISP team then does the posting of the vacancy on Intranet. ISP is open for 4 days for the employees to apply. After the 4th day the position is kept in backend. The 5th day is called the cool of day The candidates are then shortlisted on the basis of Essential Qualifications and Essential Experience. Incase of high number of applicants then shortlisting is done on basis of preferred qualifications and experience. On having queries and doubts, the team goes back and approches the division for clarifications. ISP team then checks and arranges for the panel. There are 2 types of panel : Divisional Panel- 3 member panel Interviewer from division. HR panel from other division. Functional expert from other division 2. 4 Member Panel- Interviewer HR personnel from from Division. From other division. 2 fuctional expertise from other division A 4 Member Panel is considered based on the following clauses: If there is only one applicant If the applicant has applied in the same division If the opportunity is for promotion /lateral movement. * NOTE : Aviod taking panel members from the division the employee has applied. The panel are T bandlers having not less than 2 years experience in T band. Scenarios in ISP : Position closes with selection. ISP closes with no selection. ISP closes with none shortlisted. ISP with no applicants. ISP closes with no selection process. (lateral transfer) Eligibility Criteria to apply in ISP: In transfer from A to O Band – The applicant has to have 2 yrs of experience in A band. If any external experience of 2 yrs outside Godrej Boyce then the applicant is required to have atleast 1yr of experience in A band. In transfer from O to P Band The applicant is required to have atleast 2yrs of experience in O Band. If any external experience of 2 yrs outside Godrej Boyce then the applicant is required to have atleast 1yr of experience in A band. In transfer from P to T Band- The applicant is required to have atleast 5 yrs of experience in P Band. In transfer from T to E E to S Band- The applicant is required to have atleast 7 yrs of experience in current band. The employee should be confirmed. The external experience is taken into consideration only fr 1st promotion. Temporary Employees : If in the permanent employee process the candidate is not selected then the opening goes for temporary employees. The position in ISP is open for 7days for Temps. The eligibility for temps is the same as in ESP i. e 60 % and above, no gap inbetween education and clearance of WE and GI Test. K Band Employees : The application for K Bandlers to Management band are manual. They undergo test such as 123 test,psychometric test . etc. The position is open for 10 days. The interview is taken in the division and no such panel is required. The candidate is debarred under the following conditions : If the employee after selection takes in charge and then quits. If he gets selected in ISP and then denies is debarred from ISP for 2 yrs. During the interview the candidate denies the application. For T above applicants after giving Competancy Assessment Test and then denies is debarred for 2 yrs. After ISP : The candidate who is selected is given 1 month to handover his work and join the new position. Every candidate selected goes to 6 months probation. Interim progress review is done werein the L, L+1 , functional head, DPH and Division head fills in. Final review is the confirmation review where the division confirms that the candidate is doing well and then becomes permanent. If the employee does not do well he can be sent back to his earlier position or asked to leave as not confirmed. To conclude, Internal Selection Process is designed to provide greater growing opportunities for the existing employees to accelerate motivation, change, skills , knowledge and their attitude. The career growth of Godrej employees are catered and looked upon with utmost importance. E. S. P (External Selection Process) External Recruitment brings new people into the organization, which can be a huge benefit. It allows the organization to define the right requirements and thus allows the company to select a potential candidate availabale in the market, which suits the organization the best. E. S. P as the name suggests begins once the ISP (Internal Selection Process) is done. E. S. P comprises of two cattergories: 1. Lateral Recuritment. 2. Campus Recruitment. 1) Lateral Recruitment: Lateral recruitment takes place when we are unable to find the right talent from within our company. They are screened based on the Job Specification, years of experience and educational background. In GNB major emphasis is laid on education as it is a parameter that helps to draw an edge from the other. The process for lateral recruitment is as under: * Source Candidates * Selection Process – G. S. T (Godrej Selection Test Interview) * Medicals * Pre – Joining Formalities. Sourcing Candidates: Candidates are sourced through various channels like: * Job Portals * Consultants – (Consultant is paid 8. 33% of the Base Salary of the candidate for Jr. Level 12. 5% to Mid Level 16. 6% is paid for Sr. Level) * E. R. P Selection Process: Selection Process at GNB comprises of mainly 2 steps: a) G. S. T (Godrej Selection Test) It has 3 rounds i. e. I) G. I. General Intelligence Test It is basic aptitude test comprising of 40 objective questions which lasts for a duration of 15 minutes II. MC – Mechanical Comprihension Test It is based on the basic fundamentals of Mechanical engineering comprising of 60 objective questions which lasts for a duration of 40 minutes. II. Writtern English Test. The applicant requires to coose any 1 topic of 14 options provided to write an essay of 250 words. ) Once the candidate clears all the written test he is taken through the interview process with the respective panel. Medicals: Once the candidate is selected he requires to undergo the Medical process. Pre – Joining Formalities. The candidate needs to provide all the necessary documents like Pan Card, Appointment Letter, relieving letter, educational certificates, etc. for verificationas mentioned in the annexure. Campus: It is in the month of that the S. B. Us provide the recruitment team with the Manpower requirement for that particular year. Mainly the planning is done based on the attrition in O and P Band. The panel for campus recuritment consists of employee’s over and above the E (Executive Band) if they arent availabale then employee’s from T (Tactical Band) may be considered. Trainees are cattegorised as: * DETs (Diploma Engineering Trainees) join the A and O Band. * GETs (Graduate Engineering Trainees) join the O2 Band. * MTs (Management Trainees) join the P Band. * Gts * MTs Every trainee has to sign a bond of atleast1year after a years traineeship. Recruitment Operations: Every communication that takes place between the company and employee’s is escalated through the Recruitment Operations Team. The recruitment operations team takes care of all the following activities: * Joining Formalities * Preparing Offer Letter * Preparing Appointment Letter * Employee Reference Check * Preparing Confirmation Letters * Sending Disciplinary Letters * Preparing Reappointment Letters * Proving Ex Employee Feedback * Praparing Trainee Termination Letter * Preparing Severance Letter * Preparing Severance Letter * Preparing Resignation Relieving Letter. * Preparing Bond * Providing certificates for Summer / Project / Industrial Trainees To summarise the Recruitment Operations team is best compared to the Gate Keeper. It takes charge of all the entry and exist formalities of the employee. Performance Management System Performance and leadership culture is the bedrock of building organisations competitiveness and thereby enabling talent to contribute effectively with performance and potential. Performance Management process is instrumental for high performance work culture where the performance is recognized and rewarded. PM Process aligns organizational goals and objectives with individual ones. Performance Management System is a system which helps to access and measure the performance of the employee. It is beneficial to both the employee and the company as it provides valuable feedbck for improvement. Benefit for Godrej Boyce Mfg. Co. Ltd : PMS is done to cascade the goals of the organisation at every level: Strategic Business Plan Annual Business Plan Goals of Business Head Goals of Division Head ( Executive Band) Department Heads Individual employees. PMS helps to provide feedback to the company wrt the performance of the employees. According to thr feedback valuable inputs are givento the employee for improvement. Benefit for the employee : The employee is rated fairly as PMS sets standards for evaluation. The employee understands and evaluates as to where he stands. PMS gives accountability , ownership and empowerment to the employees. The areas where performance are evaluated are : Professional performance Personal development The PM Process involves 5 steps: Mission Professional Performance Personal Development Learning and competancy development Annual Plan Submission. PM Process : Annual Planning is done every financial year i. e from April to March. The goals of the organisation are determined and cascaded to line with the individual goals of the employees. At the end of the year, the rating is given and planning of next year is also dont. Note: * Nov- Dec ( SBP discussion takes place) * Jan- Feb (ABP discussion is done) The review of the performance is done quaterly. Therefore after 3 months the feedback is given. Q1Q2Q3Q4 3mthly- 6mthly- 9mthlyAnnual In the system through joint login of L and L+1 , the review is agreed and freezed. The ratings ofthe performance are given in the following scale : SE (surpass expectation) 110 % of goal ME (met expectation) 90-110 % of goal CB (could be better) 60-90% of goal BE (below expectation) 60 % of goal The reason for 4 point raring scale is because of central tendancy to evaluate objectively. The goal has to be SMART Effects of CB and BE : Performace pay is not entitled to employees rated BE. If the employee is rated as BE, then he/she cannot apply in ISP for a year. 2 ME are required for the employee to grow within the the band (GWTB). To conclude, Performance Mangement is thus extremely quintessential and instrumental in building the organisation growth. Performance management in Godrej Boyce has been potent and a very important tool for the company to reach at todays stature. Learning and Competancy Development Training = Imparting specific skills Development= Providing learning oppurtunities for employees growth. Training process involves, Need assessment which involves understanding present employees and future challenges. Training and instructional objectives. Planning the training. Training and Development process involves the following steps : Identification of Training Needs in PDM Transfer of training needs from PMS to TNS (Training Need System) Learning and Development Oppurtunities Conducting Training Programme Effectiveness of Training Programme Step 1 : Training Needs Indentification : Training needs are identified by the L and approved by L+1. The batch is created by Corporate HR. The following are the steps involved; Select the training programme by using any of these option: a)Using search option by typing keywords OR b)Select the functional area Training Course using drop down box OR c)Select other option enter the nameof training programme required. Enter the proposed date of completion of training programme (dd/mm/yy) format. Approval of the training needs identified by L is done by L+1 through joint login. Needs can be approved or disapproved ; the reason has to be mentioned. Step 2 : The approved training needs are then transfered from Performance Management System to the Training Needs System by Corporate HR and the Division Personnel Head. Step 3 : Learning and Development Oppurtunities : Executive Education Programs Knowledge Enhancement Policy Open House/ External Programs E-Learning. Step 4 : Conducting Training Program: Training Calender is prepared in accordance to the 4 zones – Mumbai (West zone), Kolkata(East Zone), Chennai(South zone) and Delhi(West zone) Marking attendance and filling of feedback form. Step 5: Effectiveness of Training program. : The effectiveness of the training program is to be done after 3-4 months. Monthly reminders are given to L,L+1 about training programmes for filling need forms, feedback forms. etc. Competancy Development Godrej has identified 11 leaderhip skills (competancies). Analytical Ability Innovation Team Building Assertiveness Result Orientation Process Orientation Thinking Big Business Environement Perspective Oral Communication Written Communication In Thomas International , these competancie are assessed for above T Bandlers. Then the Learning and Development team meets Thomas International to obtain the feedback as it serves as a facilitating tool for effectiive decision making. The candidate then undergoes an interview with the the Godrej Boyce panel. The feedback is given to the candidate for him to work on certain areas and therefore competancy development becomes a part of learning development. The report is valid for a year. If the candidate has not cleared the CA test and he feels that his leadership competancies have increased then he has to fill Individual Development Plan approved by Division and P head. Thomas International : CA CenterDevelopment CenterTo access competancy for potential employees applying for senior positions. An employee is sent to development center only if he/she is critical and important to the company. There are no test and interview conducted here. Therefore to conclude, Training and Development has helped Godrej Boyce Mfg. Co in bringing out leadership skills, improves motivation, better atttitude and other aspects of successful managers and workers thereby improving the productivity and fulfilling the goals of the organisation. Analytics Analytics involves generating HR Reports for top management in accordance to the subject matter. The reports prepared in Analytics are : Head count MIS Attrition Productivity ERF The employees of Godrej Boyce are identified into categories and status which aredeployed as follows : CategoryStatusMTPR, PTUSCT,GT,TM,SchoolWKPR,PT,CT,GT,TM Categories: MT- Management WK-Workers US- Unionised staff ( School employees,Trainees,Summer Interns,Temps) Status : PR- Probationers PT- Permanent CT GT- Company trainee Government Trainee TM- Temporary Grades are allotted to indentify the stipends provided to various categories. The MIS code identified by BC RC CC BC ( Business Code) Business RC ( Responsibilty Code) Location CC ( Cost Center Code ) Function The location of the employees are identified in the following types: Physical Location eg : Pune,Vikhroli Location eg: Plant 11, 12 System Indication for Head Office or Branch. The important dates associated with the employee are : Date of Birth Date of Entry Date of Joining Date of Severence Severence can be following reasons: Resignation (RES) Retired (RET) Expired (EXP) Absonding(ABS) Termination(STE) ILL Prematured retirement(PMRT) VRS (Only for workers) Attrition Report : The attrition calculation only 3 cases are taken into consideration: Abscond. Resigned. Inter company transfer. Method to calculate attrition : No. of people left / Strength of last month in a period * 100 MIS report contains : Recruitment ( Within Band and Function) Promotions (Within Band and Function) Severances (Band wise) Severences chart ( Function wise, division wise,age group wise) The categories are : Band, Lenght of service, Experience wise, Age group, Location wise, Function wise To conclude, Analytics helps to generate required HR reports to accelerate decision making process and provide a concise information which are specific and numerical to enable future lucrative decisions for the business. Compensation Compensation is the total reward received by an employee in exchange for services performed for an organization. It can include both direct pay (salary and wages) and indirect pay (benefits programs). Factors affecting design of Compensation : Market Cost Structures Payment in terms of Fixed,Variable and Benefits The nature of job that demands the % of Fixed and Variable pay. Eg. Sales would demand high variable pay as its target oriented. Salary comprises of 2 components: Fixed Variable Salary = Fixed + Variable Individual Business Performance Performance SIS (Sales/Service EVA Incentive Scheme) PP (Performance Pay) SIS – Sales/Service Incentive Scheme is Business Specific especially assigned to the Sales and Service profiles. PP- Performance Pay are assigned to other profiles other than sales or Service. It amounts to 0 to 30% of Base Pay. Allottment of PP : SE – 20-30% of Base Pay ME 10-15% of Base Pay CB 3-5% of Base Pay ( The division decides the % of Base pay that has to be paid as PP to the entire division) Base Pay = Annual CTC – HRA3 – Compensatory allowance Annual CTC = Basic + HRA+ Education +Medical+Conveyance + Telephone + Hospitalization + LTA + PF + Gratuity + Super Annuation HRA = House Rent Allowance HRA 1- Band Specific HRA 2- Individual Specific HRA 3- Location Band Specific Tax Deduction under HRA : 10% of Basic Salary if in Metro 7. 5% of Basic Salary if in Non Metro. Tax is deducted from the minimum of the 3 amounts : Basic HRA Rent employee pays Exemptions from Tax : Tax is exempted from Conveyance upto Rs 800 per month. Telephone reimbursement is exempted from tax on submission of Bill. Under Leave Travel Allowance (LTA), the employee can travel twice in 1 year within India. The current slab is between Rs. 10,000 to Rs. 14,000. The amount is tax exempted. Super Annuation amount uptill Rs 1 lakh is tax exempted. It is paid to T band and above and amounts to 5-15% of Basic Pay. Provident Fund is 12% of Basic Pay and the returs are non taxable. EVA : Economic Value Added. EVA happens after PP (Performance Pay) is over. EVA is the improvement in the performance of the business. Even if loss there is improvement in loss then too EVA is paid. Calculation of EVA ; EVA = 4% of current year performance – improvement in performance in years. Distribution of EVA. Team Awarded with 50 % 25 % of EVA are given to corporate department. Discretionary EVA ( Paid to 25% of employees who are doing exceptionally good) Discretionary EVA is paid or exercised by manufacturing division i. e all divisions except E and Construction as they are allied business and would come under Corporate. MRP ( Management Remuneration Package ) : In MRP , decision with respect to salary from entry level, stipends, compensation philosophies, benchmarking . etc. Are taken. Then certain level are decided , budget is considered and the % is given to the employees. Criteria for deciding MRP of employees : Current CTC Consistent Performance Criticality of Position Talent Specialized Knowledge and skills Attitude Values After the Employee undergoes his PDM, he is entitled to PP and then EVA. Incase the division decides to increase the employees remuneration then that package is decided at MRP levels. To conclude, Godrej and Boyce Mfg. Co. Ltd has an ideal compensation system which accelerates the employees efficiency , productivity,motivation and monetary statisfaction thereby leading to the growth of the company positively. POLICIES Policy is a statement of Intent. The Type of policies exercised with Godrej Boyce are as follows : Growth opportunities : GWTB (Growth within the Band) , lateral movements (Job Rotations), Band Movements. GWTB is based on the performance . The employee is required to have been rated ME and SE in a tenure. 2. ISP( if vacancy arises) Hospitalization Policy Leave Policy: Leave Policy is formulated to entitle a certain number Casual , Sick and Priviledges leaves to the employees. Mobile Policy: Mobile Policy has been formulated to enable our employees communicate efficiently and effectively within and outside the organisation. 2- wheeler Policy : 2 wheeler allowance consists of conveyance priviledges provided to employees under circumstances when required. HRA3 policy : HRA 3 is a component in the compensation structure . The HRA 3 component is band and location specific allowance. Tour Travel Policy : Tour and Travel Policy consists of clauses related to travel and transit in and outside the country. Domestic and Foreign Business) Flexi time Concessions policy : To provide employees wherever possible the opportunity to have flexibility in work timings so that they can maximize their work place potential by balancing their potential by balancing their potential by balancing their personal and professional lives more effectively without comprimsing o n the business needs and aspirations. Safety Incentive Policy : This policy is to build and reinforce safety amongst all employees so that they can fullfill their safety role and responsibilities as enunciated in our safety policy. To conclude, Policies formulated by Godrej and Boyce Mfg. Co. Ltd are well discussed and created to cater the needs of the company and the employees. These policies have been able to help the company operate with greater consistency, both in its internal and external workings. HRIS HRIS ( Human Resource Information System ) is a part of MIS which is a systematic procedure for obtaining ,recording and retrieving data about HR. After realising the increasing quantam of work and to increase the efficiency, Godrej Boyce. Mfg. Co. Ltd adopted HRIS in 2003. HRIS is essential as it is instrumental in increasing the efficiency in the following areas of HR functions : HRP (Human Resource Planning) which includes turnover rate,absentism, workflow. etc. Recruitment and Staffing. HR Developement ( Training and Succession Planning) Compensation and benefits information. Health and Safety * Employee and Union relations. HOUSING Godrej started providing housing facilities to employees in 1950s while they were shifting from Lal Bagh to Vikhroli establishment. Housing is a special benefit provided to the employees so that they can stay in nearby vicinity to the work place. Housing is not a service condition. This facility is given on agreement basis. It is a charter with clauses. 3 major areas where housing is provided Transit Quaters Family accomodation Shared accomodation Transit Quarters : Transit quarters are for employees visiting Mumbai for work. The request is sent through speedflow to the housing department by Commercial,Regional or Branch Manager. The charges are notional. Shared Accomodation : Shared Accomodation are for employees who have recently joined the company. They are GETs, Mts . etc. Also further to employees after training. It is band specific. P Band – 2 BHK for 6 persons. It then narrows to 3 persons after 1 yr. O Band- 1 BHK on twin sharing basis at station side. Family Accomodation : Family Accomodation is family and Band specific. Workmen / hrly based employees : Creek Station Side Colony O Band : Station Side P Band above : Hill Side Circumstances causing the employees to vacate the houses : Resignation : 7 days breathing or notice period is given to the employees. Retirement : 30 days breathing or notice period is given to the employees. Death of employee : 90 days breathing or notice period is given to the employees. If the employee still stays after the notice period in the house then he/she is required to pay certain default charges. Even after 90 days the employee doesnt vacate , then according to Companies Act the employee hasto pay 10 times the charges and legal formalities. Waiting list : The waiting list are maintained according to the Band. Waiting list is kept according to the number of years of service and relevant external experience then the listis generated. The allottment is made on descending order. The power is given to the Executive Director of PA in case of special cases. Housing facility is purely a welfare activity extended by the Company for the convenience of its employees , solely during the period the employees concerned are in the service of the company and on such terma and conditions as may be decided by the Company from time to time. GODREJ BOYCE EMPLOYEES COOPERATIVE CREDIT SOCIETY The Godrej Employees’ Cooperative Credit Society was incorporated in the year 1960. It was the idea of Late Shri N. P Godrej to enable its employee members to get loans at competitive rates of interest as well as help members to save money. All employees at Godrej Boyce Mfg. Co. Ltd , Godrej Employees’ Cooperative Credit and Consumer Societies, Godrej Infotech Ltd located at Mumbai only are eligible to become members of the Society. The minimum subscription is Rs. 300/- per month which is deducted from the wages/salary. The first Rs5000/- are credited to the share account and the next amounts credited to the cumulative deposit account. A member is supposed to contribute upto Rs. 53,000/- after which he has the option to either continue or stop the subscription. The share value of each Share is Rs. 00/- Dividend is paid on the share capital and interest is paid on the deposits. The last dividend declared was @ 10% on the share capital and [emailprotected] 8. 00% on the deposits as on 31. 03. 2009. The dividend and the Interest so declared after the AGM are paid through the Wages/Salary to the members. The society gives 3 types of loans viz Short Loans Long loans Bank loans. The working of Society : Objectives : To enable members to save through Credit Society. To enable members to get through to get financial help at competitive rate of interest. Our Bankers: Central Bank of India Mumbai Dist Central Co-op Bank Ltd Saraswat Co-op Bank The society grants medical assistance to its members in case of hospitalizations only for members (and not his family) which is @ 100% of the expenses incurred over and above the limit of mediclaim insurance coverage, once in a life time, on submission of medical Bills from the hospital. If a member is unable to attend his services with the Company due to an accident or ill health or expires during the course of service, then the members deposits are adjusted against the members outstanding Loan and any amount receivable after such adjustments are waived off from the Welfare Fund of the Society. In case a member expires during the course of service, the Society pays the family of the deceased member Rs. 5000/- for the funeral as immediate help. The Society also felicitates its members on retirement from the Company provided he/she has been a member of the Society for a continuous period of 15 years at the time of retirement. The society has a gesture of goodwill also felicitates children of the members who have passes the SSC, HSC and graduation Examination depending upon the percentage of marks fixed by the Managing committee of the Society. INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS Industrial Relations is a work relationship between management and employees based on mutual trust and respect for each other wherein both strive for common goal as well as that of society and environment. IR includes process such as collective bargaining , grievanc handling,wage settlement and conflict between employers, employee and trade union. The 1st Trade Union was established in 1975. Our History : Godrej Boyce. Mfg. Co. Ltd is a 113 year old company rich in culture. Redeployment and no retrenchement is our strategy. Our Union : G Shramik Sangh popularly knownas GBSS (Recognized Union under MRTU PULP Act 1971) It was formed in 1978. Itis an internal union for last 25 years, having majority of 98 % of workmen as its members. It has no affiliation to any political body. Service Conditions; Service Conditions are governed by Statues / Case laws, Letter of appointment,Certified Standing orders of the Company, lonf term wage settlement, Companys Internal cir culars/Notices / Policies. Service Conditions are: Observe general rules of conduct anywhere in India. Undertake tours when required. Work n shifts No dual employment. Give normal production prevailing in Department. Not to reveal companies information to outsiders. To work overtime or on holidays whenever required. Register attendance by swiping 4 times a day. No proxy swiping. Avail leave prior sanction. Liable to be searched by Security Personnel. Give productive 480/350 mins. Wear and carry identity card. To be able to do multi machine operation simultaneously. To write daily work done in job card/worksheet/logbook. To undergo training. Observe safety regulations. Maintain neat and clean housekeeping at work place. ( Breach of any of these service conditions amounts to act of misconduct) The objectives of Factories Act, 1948 : To secure the workers employed in factories Health Safety Welfare Proper working hours Leave and other benefits. Employment Injury : It is a personal injury to an employee caused by accident or an occupational disease arising out of andin course ofhis employment. IR Disciplinary Action : In IR disciplinary action there are no perfect answer or straight jacket solutions to problems and conflicts. Record building and keeping of every individual disciplinary action taken is very vital to know past record of action. Industrial Employment ( Standing Orders ) Acr,1946: An act to provide for rules defining service conditions. The text of certified standing order should be prominently displaced by employers to workmen in English and in common language. Godrej Boyce. Mfg. Co. Ltd has certified standing order forall hourlyand daily rated workmen. This standing order was ceritfied on August 1, 1955. All disciplinary action letters like warnings, charge sheets ,suspensions, dismissal . etc. Signed by Manage under certified standing order. Punitive and Non- Puntive actions against workmen : PunitiveNon- Punitive1. Warning1. No work no pay2. Suspensions2. Counselling3. Dismissal3. Suspension pending inquiry. The broad branding grades of workers are as follows : Existing New B Semi Skilled Category C D Skilled Category 1 E F Skilled Category 2 Security Inspectors Skilled Category 1 Senior Guards Senior Security Inspectors - Skilled Category 2 Incentives : Incentive of Rs. 200 /- mnth to skilled and Rs. 00/- mnth to unskilled are given to workers under following categories : Performance Incentives Punctual Attendance Incentive. Regular Attendance Incentive. Safe working conditions. ( Statutory Bonus from Minimum 8. 33% to 20 % of Gross wages are provided to the employees. ) Industrial Relations are extremely important because we are in constant touch with the workmen on shop floor. Its a vicarious liability . To avoid litigation and wastage of time, money and energy in court. Industrail Relations is important to create healthy work environment and thereby generating a good Corporate Image. PRAGATI KENDRA Pragati Kendra, the welfare centre of Godrej Boyce Mfg. Co. Ltd. ; was established on 15th August 1955. It is the singular salute to an institution that believes in being humane first. Pragati Kendra grew out of a corporate emotion that believes in the welfare of its employees and the families. It is a team of 3 main members. The sole objective of Pragati Kendra is upgradation of life of the employees. Godrej Company is the first company who had adopted family planning policy. Pragati Kendra conducts 2 activties every month related to awareness eg. Health issues, family budgeting, cancer . etc. The following are the stratas in which Godrej is trying to build a whole new culture : Personal Welfare : Pragati Kendra conducts Literacy classes for employees and their families to educate themselves. Pragati Kendra helps people to tackle problems whether besetting children , adults or the entire family. Active Counselling takes place whereby all kinds of problems are ironed out by a specialised team through various therapies. The Kendra also has a Child Guidance Clinic for children and adolescents to guide them through their issues with the help of counselling and play therapy. Family Planning : The spot light on Family Planning is given full priority and methods needed for family planning , guidance and encouragement are the order of the day at the Godrej Welfare Centre. Womens development: Pragati Kendra conducts activities in womens development. Women are encouraged to become financially independent through vocational courses , play an active part in various programmes on soci al issues, on the environment etc. and in short are led towards being self sufficient. The International Womens Day on 8th March is an important event in the work done by Godrej in womens development. Childrens development : Childrens activities like trekking, puppet making, drama , gardening and scouting are explained with total encouragement given to work up their extra-curricular enthusiasm . Martial Art classes, Dance classes etc. are conducted with a view to give children training in health related and social skills. Darpan : The Pragati Kendra newsletter Darpan forms the part of the development by reaching out to them through various articles and is published each month both in English and Hindi. With a variety of columns covering articles on parenting , marital problems, the important days observed on various social issues such as No Tobacco Day , World Population Day Greener Godrej : Pragati Kendra aims to enlighten people on the wonders of the Environment path whereby knowledge of greening this oxygen starved plants are given through various programmes such as The World Environment Day , The Vanmohatsav etc. Health Care : The Upchargriha and Pragati Kendra work hand in hand towards curative as well as preventive aspects of health. To conclude , The basis of all Godrej activities lies embodied in its undying spirit which speaks Godrej Cares in more ways than one. CORPORATE SAFETY At Godrej, we believe that sustained competitive advantage can be attained only by providing greater customer value in the form of differentiated products and services delivered through flawess ,continually refined business processes. To enable people to perform accordingly it is essential for us to create and provide safe , supportive and productive work environement to all our employees and business associates. Safety means; Providing and Maintaining safe working environment. Prevention of accident and property damage. Prevention of occupational diseases. Safety accelerates productivity. Need fo safety are for the following reasons : Humanitarian Economic ( Cost to company) Legal (Statutory requirement) Occupier role Responsibilities of responsibilities line function. Godrej Boyce. Mfg. Co. Ltd has formulated a safety policy called as Occupational Health and Safety Policy which includes the Organisation Structure of compliance of OHS Policy, duties and responsibilities of Division , Corporate Department and Employees. OHS Policy was released on 8th November 2007. Accident : An Accident is an unexpected and undesirable event, especially one resulting in damage or harm. The 4 types of accidents are : Reportable ( Injured person disabled to work for more than 48 hrs) Non-Reportable(Injured person resumes work within 48 hrs) Property damage( No human is hurt but property is damaged) Near Miss( When no one is injured though the accident had the potential ) Unsafe personal factors : Lack of Knowledge Improper attitude Improper application of knowledge Mentalor Physical defeciances. Godrej Boyce. Mfg. Co. Ltd looks forward in everyones wholehearted ommitment and involvement in the successful implementation of the Occupational Health and Safety system. ARCHIVES Developing Godrej Archieves was a brain-child of late Sohrab Godrej. The main purpose to develop it was to understand and unfolding the contribution made by Godrej to the industrial history of India, as well as its role in the countrys future. It is engaged in collecting, arranging, catalogui ng and preserving archival material reflecting on the history of Godrej. Additionally, resources are being created in the form of oral history interviews for better understanding of the business and its evolution. The idea of setting up Godrej Archives was first mooted in 1995 when preparations for celebrating the centenary of Godrej began. Godrej Archives is aimed to be a heritage centre offering invaluable archival material for reference and research. The objectives of Archives is: * To collect, arrange, document, preserve, interpret and communicate the history of Godrej. * To highlight employee contribution to organisational growth. * Make these information available to firstly our employees, researchers, students, business world and others interested in history of Godrej To promote awareness about business history and archives The Godrej Archives collection currently includes documents, agreements, letters, technical drawings, press clippings, old catalogues, advertisements, testimonials from clients and customers, audio-visual recordings awards, medals and memorabilia reflecting the rich heritage of Godrej. CORPORATE TRAINING Corporate Training has mainly 2 objectives: 1. Recruitment and Management of Trade Apprentances 2. Special Assignment (Workmen Training) Recruitment and Management of Trade Apprentances: Recruitment and Management of Trade Apprentances comprises of students recruited from ITIs (Industrial Training Institutes). They are recruited in the workmen cader. ITI colleges in total offers around 80 varied skilled courses to its students. In GNB we take about apprentices pocessing 20 plus trades or skills of ITI of which the top 5 are: Fitters Welders Machinist Electrician Turners These Apprentances who are freshly picked from ITI campuses fall under the Apprentance Act that was formed in 1961. However, this act was ammended in 1973. In Godrej the recruitment for Apprentances begins from February till June first week. It is Godrej that recruits the highest number of apprentances in Maharashtra with the requirement being as high as 625 this year, with PED having the highest number of requirement (175). These candidates who are picked in from campuses work as trainees with us for a year and then after they successfully clear the NCVT (National Council Vocational Test. The Process of recruting these candidates is as: * A company has to apply for registration with DVET (Director Vocational Education and Training) department stating its requirements. * DVET then gives a quota stating how many ITIs the company can recruit. However, if the requirement exceeds the number we can avail, then we neen to jargon and show extra machines or process to them in order to acquire permission for the same. The ITI exam takes place in the 1st week of July and the selected candidates join their respective companies by October. ITI is managed by State Government. In Maharashtra there are a total of 300 ITI Colleges from which 50% students are selected from Mumbai and the rest from other cities within Maharashtra. In Godrej for an ITI to seek admission needs to have acquired a minimum of 50% and above in S. S. C and they need to clear the written test that is conducted by Godrej. The written test comprises of 30 Questions carring 30 marks where the candidate gets eligible to enter the company on securing a minimum of 15 marks. A stipened of Rs. 3,500 is paid to them. Post apprenticeship the student has to give the NCVT exam on which he avails the Trade Certificate making him capable to be absorbed by companies as skilled labour. One who is unable to clear this exam is termed as semi skilled worker. Skilled worker is paid Rs. 400 extra as compared to semiskilled worker. After acquiring the Trade certificate the candidate is taken as a company trainee in GNB for 1 year. Post company traineeship he is considered as temporary staff for a term of 3years post which depending on his performance he becomes permanant. Special Assignment : Workmen skill development and enhancement programs. ( Configuration of Indian Industries) CII. G is a member of CII. CII coducts workmen skill competition every year from regional o national and worl skill competition. ITI upgradation program: COE (Centre of Excellence) COE is a 11/2yr program called as Broad Based Training for1 year and 6 months Advanced Training. Another CII initiative is Affirmative Action Plan for bettermentof ST/SC by Industries. CORPORATE ADMINISTRATION Corporate Adminstration department includes the following functions : Due Settlement Employee pension Scheme Employee State Insurance Corporation. Central Mail Receiving Despatch DUE SETTLEMENT : Any dues that are left to be settled with the employee at the time after retirement, service termination ,absconding, voluntary retirement scheme and resignations are paid off. The file maintained for due settlement contain the following forms : PF Nomination Declaration Form. Loan Recovery Bank Updation form. Salary disbursement. CDRS ( any death case) EMPLOYEE PENSION SCHEME : The types of pension: Member pension (Super Annuation ) after retirement at age of 58. Disablement pension: Any member who is not able to work due to disablement. Family Pension : If parents expire then children get the pension. EMPLOYEE STATE INSURANCE CORPORATION,1948 Those employees who salary is less than Rs. 15,000/- per month are members of ESIC. Based on the contribution of the employee and the company certain benefits are provided to the employees. : Sickness benefits – 60% of wages are given to employee. Accidental benefits -75% of wages Vocational benefits Employees with more than Rs. 15,000/- per month are not covered under ESIC but according to the Workmen Compensation Act, the employer has to pay the benefits to the employee. CENTRAL MAIL RECEIVING DESPATCH : CMRD Department takes care of Incoming and Outgoing Postal mail/ courier mail and Internal Mail. The postal mails can be ordinary, registered or even speed post. To conclude the Corporate Admin department takes care of the entire administration functions of Godrej Boyce. Mfg. Co. Ltd.

A Quick Guide to Getting a Pay Raise

A Quick Guide to Getting a Pay Raise Are you thinking about asking for a raise? Before you do, make sure you have positioned yourself as strongly as possible for a yes. Consider when raises are generally granted at your company. Is it at the end of the year? On the anniversary of your start date? Take a look at the following infographic to determine whether you are ready, or you need to wait a bit for a higher salary. Don’t Do ThisAfter you have decided that you will ask for more money, be careful how you position yourself. Check out the following video from Fast Company to see how you really sound when you ask for a raise.Do ThisSo what’s the right way to ask for a raise? You have to prove your worth to the company. Enter the meeting with a well-thought-out justification for a salary increase. It should be based solely on performance, whether it is exceeding established goals, or bring in new business. Check out the following video to learn how to best ask for a raise.This article is part of Bulk Up Your Career in 2017Â  campaign. Access the entire guide here to help you succeed in 2017.

Investigating the involvement of heroin in crime Research Paper

Investigating the involvement of heroin in crime - Research Paper Example Heroin is considered an â€Å"opiate drug that is synthesized from morphine, a naturally occurring substance extracted from the seed pod of the Asian opium poppy plant†. It appears as a white or brown powder and it can be injected, smoked, or snorted. Through these routes, it can quickly deliver the drug to the brain. By injecting it, the needle can administer the drug to the bloodstream; by snorting, the drug can be absorbed into the bloodstream through the nasal tissues; and by smoking, the drug can also be absorbed into the lungs. These methods can all lead to addiction and other serious health issues. As heroin enters the brain, it is then converted to morphine where it later binds with opioid receptors. Such receptors are found in different parts of the brain and the body, most likely those which have something to do with perception of pain and reward. These receptors are also found in the brain stem. The brain stem is involved in the automatic processes of breathing, blo od pressure, and arousal. (Ritter and Lampkin, 2010). Heroin users and abusers initially report feeling a surge of euphoria, accompanied by dry mouth, warm flushing of the skin, heaviness in their extremities, and compromised mental functioning (Cobb and Brogan, 2008). After this state of euphoria, the heroin user then goes through an alternate wakeful and drowsy state. Through continued heroin use, tolerance for the drug sets in and the user’s physiological reaction to the drug diminishes, and more heroin is necessary to receive the same level of effect. Users have a high risk of experiencing addiction with about 23% of individuals using heroin becoming dependent to it (NIDA, 2010). The drug’s behavioral impact on users is severe. Most abusers find trouble concentrating, learning, or having clear thoughts (ACDE, n.d). Most of the time, they cannot hold down jobs; they can be apathetic and be unable to carry out and sustain personal relationships (Pearson, Gilman, and McIver, 1987). Their inability to find means to sustain their addiction often leads them to crime. Their compulsive use often triggers self-destructive and irresponsible behavior which manifests as antisocial actuations and a general indifference to injury, pain, and the loss caused to others (ACDE, n.d). Heroin has adverse effects on health. It is associated with serious health conditions, fatal overdose, spontaneous abortion, and in some individuals injecting the drug – infectious diseases like HIV/AIDS and hepatitis (NIDA, 2010). For prolonged users, they may suffer collapsed veins, infection of the heart lining and valves, abscesses, liver or kidney disease (NIDA, 2010). Some may later develop pneumonia which may be caused by their poor health as well as their compromised respiration. The drug sometimes contains toxic contaminants which can clog the blood vessels to the lungs, liver, and other major organs, thereby leading to permanent damage to these organs (Virmani, Ali , and Binienda, 2010). For long-time users, their heroin use can lead to physical dependence and when they stop use of the drug they are likely to suffer severe withdrawal symptoms. These

Talis Spa Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Talis Spa - Essay Example Such circumstances has actually worked as a motivation for the study and the tourist destination in focus happens to be the Talise Spa situated in the city of Al Ain; which happens to be the fourth largest city in UAE. It is also known as the garden city because of the greenery; making it a unique location of for tourists. The study has been done in lieu to analyze the location in terms of its strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. Also a stake holder analysis has been conducted to identify the key stake holders and their impact on the business. Based on the analysis a strategic plan for the facility has been prepared which includes the preparation of a vision and mission statement, environmental impact analysis, developing a product development strategy and promotion or communication strategy (Kolb, 2008). Location Audit Location Description While describing the location in details it needs to mention that both Talise Spa as well as the city of Al Ain would be considered, simply because both the unique geographical elements and the infrastructure of the Talise Spa would play a major role in the overall strategic marketing and communications. The city of Al Ain is the fourth largest city in UAE and it is well known as the garden city due to the unique greenery. ... Due to such reasons Al Ain is one of the most popular tourist destinations for the people of UAE; especially during the summers. As a tourist location Al Ain is still a developing one. The city gets a lot of traffic in the summers; most of that are locals who have holiday houses in the city. However, as compared to its counterparts like Dubai, Al Ain gets very little foreign tourists. Talise Spa provides personalized treatments in all the thirteen private rooms of it. There are a range of experiences provided by the Talise Spa such as facials, body treatments and massages. To be a bit more detailed it provides body scrubs, aromatherapy, body wraps, full day packages, waxing, skin care treatments, etc. There is also availability of Food centres, play yards, food corner. The facilities provided by the authorities are excellent to say the least. However, there is still room for improvement as the authorities are looking to position the spa as a place to have fun; which also reflects the cultural heritage of the country. Reason for choice Again in this section, both Talise Spa and Al Ain have to be focused. The major reason for choice of Al Ain is the unique geographical conditions and rich cultural heritage. Also as compared to its counterparts like Dubai there is a lot of opportunity for development. Based on the initiatives of the government to develop Al Ain as a premier tourist location, it would most likely that slowly but surely the place would start to get traffics in the forms of foreign tourists and hence it would be impotent to have a facility like Talise Spa that provides an array of services under one roof reflecting the cultural heritage of UAE. Location SWOT Analysis Strengths Excellent location, infrastructure

The Corporate Culture Essay Example for Free

The Corporate Culture Essay A six-year legal battle involving the jailed father-son duo who headed now-defunct Adelphia Communications has ended after prosecutors withdrew tax fraud charges related to their earlier conviction in a $1. 9 billion fraud case. Prosecutors said they withdrew the tax-related charges Wednesday against the Pennsylvania cable companys founder John Rigas and his son Timothy because they werent likely to end in substantial additional jail time or restitution. Proceeding with the case wouldnt be a prudent expenditure of prosecutorial resources, authorities said. Authorities alleged in 2005 the Rigases had committed tax fraud when they failed to pay income tax on the proceeds of the fraud they were convicted of in New York a year earlier. The former executives fought the case on the grounds it amounted to double jeopardy. Both men are already in jail stemming from the collapse of the company in 2002 after prosecutors said John Rigas, 87, and Timothy Rigas, 55, failed to report nearly $2 billion in liabilities. John Rigas has seven years left on his 12-year sentence, while Timothy Rigas isnt expected to be released until 2022. Meanwhile, prosecutors said the family spent lavishly on itself, ordering 100 pairs of slippers for Timothy Rigas and spending more than $3 million to produce a film by John Rigas daughter. Defense attorney Larry McMichael welcomed the end of the long court battle. This case never should have been brought, he told The Patriot-News of Harrisburg. The analysis should include the following: A short description of case identification of the ethical issues involved (what was the alleged ethical wrong done, and why is/was it wrong? A statement, in their own opinion, of whether it was wrong or not, and more importantly, why? Thoughts on what could have been done to avoid the problem – do we need more laws government regulation? What internal controls might have prevented this situation? Was the problem more a matter of individuals gone wrong, or was it more systemic and organizational? Provide 3-5 APA style references both inline and at the end of the paper to support your analysis. Please write in 3rd person. Note: This is your opportunity to demonstrate your knowledge of the week’s theory linked to personal opinion and outside evidence.

Judicial Corruption in the United States Essay -- Jurisprudence, Ethic

The problem of judicial corruption in United States is immense. The Sixth Amendment in the United States Bill of Rights refers to the right to a speedy, fair and public trial. Unfortunately, our judicial system does not always maintain these rights. The United States judicial system is very corrupt and most of our country’s citizens do not know how corrupt it actually is. When thinking about the judicial system, words that come to mind are justice, morality, and fairness. Sadly, these words are not accurate descriptions of this system. Correct depictions of today’s judicial system are corruption, rigged courts, extortion, and phony trials. Our legal system does not bring truth or justice to our courtrooms. Overcoming this corruption is not easy for the average citizen or anyone who is not in on the â€Å"game†. This problem affects everyone, but only benefits four types of people; the judges, the lawyers, the clients paying thousands more to the lawyers to win their case, and the police. Judges today are not playing fair, and they are accepting bribes from equally corrupt lawyers that are desperate to win a case and improve their case winnings over their losses. The lawyers are asking for more money from the clients so that they can secretly hand over cash to the lawyers and ask for â€Å"favors† in the courtroom. With all of this injustice, comes fear implanted in the client, who is then willing to spend more on a lawyer to guarantee their success in a case; â€Å"fear and injustice equals more money for lawyers and judges†(Sachs). Many people know about or have witnessed this corruption taking place and numerous attempts to rid of it have been made. It is not an easy task attempting to bring justice to where justice should be made. There ... ...ut the Local Bar or Bar Association - Aren't They Supposed to Go After Crooked Lawyers and Judges?† FAQ on US Judicial and Legal Corruption. Blogspot. Web. 31 Oct. 2011. Sachs, Les. â€Å"So the Current State of Legal Corruption, is Really Supported by Both Political Parties, the Democrats and the Republicans Together?† FAQ on US Judicial and Legal Corruption. Blogspot. Web. 31 Oct. 2011. Sachs, Les. â€Å"Is it True that Once I Become a Victim of Judicial and Legal Corruption, I Basically Become an "Outlaw" to the Whole Legal System in America?† FAQ on US Judicial and Legal Corruption. Blogspot. Web. 31 Oct. 2011. Fine, Victoria. † My Dad Tried to Right a Wrong, Now He's Behind Bars Unjustly.† Huffington Post. Huffington Post. 12 Jan. 2010. Web. 31 Oct. 2011. Hays, Tom. â€Å"Judges On Wrong Side Of The Law.† CBSNEWS.com. CBSNEWS. 7 May. 2009. Web. 31 Oct. 2011